Phytochemicals mitigation of Brassica napus by IAA grown under Cd and Pb toxicity and its impact on growth responses of Anagallis arvensis

• Published in: Journal of biotechnology 2022-01, Vol.343, p.83-95
• Main Authors: Khare, Shubhra, Singh, N.B., Niharika, Singh, Ajey, Amist, Nimisha, Azim, Zeba, Yadav, Ravi Kumar
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anagallis - growth & development; Anagallis arvensis; Antioxidant enzymes; Brassica napus; Brassica napus - metabolism; Cadmium - toxicity; Heavy metals; Herbicides; Histochemical analysis; Indoleacetic Acids; Lead - toxicity; Lignin accumulation; Phytochemicals; Plant Weeds - growth & development; Soil Pollutants - toxicity
• ISSN: 0168-1656; 1873-4863
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.12.001

Beginning of industrialization accelerates the heavy metal pollution in the biosphere. Plant being the immovable entity utilizes different mechanisms to flee from unfavourable conditions. To alleviate toxic impact of metals like cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), phytohormones such as indole acetic acid (IAA) has been applied exogenously. This manuscript aims to evaluate the significant change occurring in biochemical parameters of Indian mustard (Brassica napus) grown under individual and combined treatments of IAA with Cd and Pb. Herbicidal potential of treated Brassica extracts were evaluated on growth and development of Anagallis arvensis. Quantum yield parameters were more sensitive to Cd than Pb stress resulted in reduced photosynthetic pigments. However, exogenously applied IAA together with Cd and Pb considerably improved the level of photosynthetic attributes along with reduced accumulation of Cd and Pb in Brassica plant. Cd and Pb enhanced the activities of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant machinery. However, addition of IAA with Cd and Pb mitigated the effect of heavy metals on antioxidant system. Moreover, activity of the phenylalanine ammonia lyase enzyme and the defensive metabolites (phenolic, flavonoid and anthocyanin compounds) were boosted under individual treatments of Cd and Pb responsible for increasing herbicidal potential of Brassica plant. Our results exhibited essentiality of IAA in mitigating Cd and Pb stress in Brassica through up-regulated mechanisms of the antioxidant system for balancing ROS related injuries. Increased metabolites enhancing herbicidal potential of Brassica napus against Anagallis weed were also observed. [Display omitted] •Herbicidal potential of Brassica napus on Anagallis arvensis has been evaluated under the influence of Cd and Pb along with IAA.•Adverse effects caused by Cd and Pb as well as their uptake were mitigated by IAA treatment.•Energy of Brassica napus plant exposed to heavy metals is diverted to synthesize antioxidants and other phytochemicals.•Cd and Pb stimulate the secondary metabolites which increases the efficiency of Brassica napus to control the growth of weed.•Soil contaminated with Pb and Cd may buttress the herbicidal potential of Brassica which can control the invasiveness of Anagallis.