New Therapies for Primary Hyperlipidemia

Primary hyperlipidemias include a heterogeneous set of monogenic and polygenic conditions characterized by a strong family aggregation, severe forms of hypercholesterolemia and/or hypertriglyceridemia, appearance early on life, and a high risk of cardiovascular events and/or recurrent pancreatitis....

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Published in:The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2022-04, Vol.107 (5), p.1216-1224
Main Authors: Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A, Gómez-Díaz, Rita A, Corral, Pablo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anticholesteremic agents
Anticholesteremic Agents - therapeutic use
Apolipoproteins
Care and treatment
Cholesterol, LDL
Humans
Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors - therapeutic use
Hypercholesterolemia
Hypercholesterolemia - drug therapy
Hyperlipidemias - drug therapy
Hypertriglyceridemia - drug therapy
Lipoprotein lipase
Low density lipoproteins
Pancreatitis
Proprotein Convertase 9
Type 2 diabetes
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Summary:Primary hyperlipidemias include a heterogeneous set of monogenic and polygenic conditions characterized by a strong family aggregation, severe forms of hypercholesterolemia and/or hypertriglyceridemia, appearance early on life, and a high risk of cardiovascular events and/or recurrent pancreatitis. In real life, a small proportion of the primary hyperlipidemia cases is recognized and treated properly. Our goal is to present an update of current and upcoming therapies for patients with primary hyperlipidemia. Recently, new lipid-lowering medications have obtained authorization from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency. These drugs target metabolic pathways, including (adenosine 5'-triphosphates)-citrate lyase (bempedoic acid), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (inclisiran), apolipoprotein CIII (volanesorsen), and angiopoietin-like 3 (volanesorsen), that have additive effects with the actions of the currently available therapies (i.e., statins, ezetimibe or fibrates). We discuss the potential clinical indications for the novel medications. To conclude, the addition of these new medications to the therapeutic options for primary hyperlipidemia patients may increase the likelihood of achieving the treatment targets. Also, it could be a safer alternative for patients with side effects for the currently available drugs.
ISSN:0021-972X
1945-7197
DOI:10.1210/clinem/dgab876