Ammonium has stronger Cd detoxification ability than nitrate by reducing Cd influx and increasing Cd fixation in Solanum nigrum L

Cadmium (Cd) is a harmful heavy metal that affects the growth and development of plants. Nitrogen (N) is an essential nutrient for plants, and appropriate N management can improve Cd tolerance. The aim of our study was to explore the effects of different forms of N on the molecular and physiological...

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Published in:Journal of hazardous materials 2022-03, Vol.425, p.127947-127947, Article 127947
Main Authors: Zhang, Lu-Dan, Liu, Xiang, Wei, Ming-Yue, Guo, Ze-Jun, Zhao, Zhi-Zhu, Gao, Chang-Hao, Li, Jing, Xu, Jian-Xin, Shen, Zhi-Jun, Zheng, Hai-Lei
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ammonium Compounds
Biodegradation, Environmental
Cadmium - analysis
Cadmium - toxicity
Cd transport-related genes
Cd2+ influx
H+ influx
Nitrates
Nitrogen forms
Phytoremediation regulation
Plant Roots - chemistry
Soil Pollutants - analysis
Solanum nigrum
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Summary:Cadmium (Cd) is a harmful heavy metal that affects the growth and development of plants. Nitrogen (N) is an essential nutrient for plants, and appropriate N management can improve Cd tolerance. The aim of our study was to explore the effects of different forms of N on the molecular and physiological responses of the hyperaccumulator Solanum nigrum to Cd toxicity. Measurement of biomass, photosynthetic parameters, and Cd2+ fluxes using non-invasive micro-test technique, Cd fluorescent dying, biochemical methods and quantitative real-time PCR analysis were performed in our study. Our results showed that ammonium (NH4+) has stronger Cd detoxification ability than nitrate (NO3-), which are likely attributed to the following three reasons: (1) NH4+ decreased the influx and accumulation of Cd2+ by regulating the transcription of Cd transport-related genes; (2) the ameliorative effects of NH4+ were accompanied by the increased retention of Cd in the cell walls of roots; and (3) NH4+ up-regulated SnExp expression. [Display omitted] •NH4+ alleviated growth inhibition of Solanum nigrum caused by Cd better than NO3-.•NH4+ reduced Cd2+ influx in root tips and root protoplasts measured by NMT.•Cd fixation in root cell walls was higher under NH4+ supply compared with NO3- supply.•NH4+ increased the expression of SnEXP and the biosynthesis of pectin and HC1 in roots.•NH4+ enhanced Cd resistance by regulating the transcription of Cd transport-related genes.
ISSN:0304-3894
1873-3336
DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127947