A randomized clinical trial to investigate the effect of dietary protein sources on periodontal health

Aim The aim was to assess two macronutrient interventions in a 2 × 2 factorial dietary design to determine their effects on oral health. Materials and Methods Participants (65–75 years old) with a body mass index between 20 and 35 kg/m2 of a larger randomized control trial who consented to an oral h...

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Published in:Journal of clinical periodontology 2022-04, Vol.49 (4), p.388-400
Main Authors: Eberhard, Joerg, Ruiz, Kate, Tan, Jian, Jayasinghe, Thilini N., Khan, Shahrukh, Eroglu, Elif, Adler, Christina, Simpson, Stephen J., Le Couteur, David G., Raubenheimer, David, Macia, Laurence, Gosby, Alison K., Ribeiro, Rosilene V.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aged
Body mass index
Carbohydrates
dietary carbohydrates
dietary fats
Dietary Proteins
Gingival Crevicular Fluid
High fat diet
Humans
Microbiota
Microorganisms
Oral hygiene
Periodontal Attachment Loss
periodontal health
Periodontal Index
plant proteins
Protein sources
randomized clinical trial
Tuberculin
Vegetarian diet
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Summary:Aim The aim was to assess two macronutrient interventions in a 2 × 2 factorial dietary design to determine their effects on oral health. Materials and Methods Participants (65–75 years old) with a body mass index between 20 and 35 kg/m2 of a larger randomized control trial who consented to an oral health assessment were recruited. They had ad libitum access to one of four experimental diets (omnivorous higher fat or higher carbohydrate, semi‐vegetarian higher fat or higher carbohydrate) for 4 weeks. The periodontal examination included periodontal probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing. Oral plaque and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were collected before and after the intervention. Results Between baseline and follow up, the number of sites with a CAL 1 mm and CAL gain of >1 mm, significant differences were calculated between the diets investigated. The clinical parameters were not associated with changes in the oral microbiota. Conclusions The results of this study provided evidence that a semi‐vegetarian high‐fat diet provides benefits to clinical parameters of periodontal health. This study is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (ACTRN12616001606471).
ISSN:0303-6979
1600-051X
DOI:10.1111/jcpe.13587