Endocytosis of Bacteriophages

[Display omitted] •Phage uptake (endocytosis) by mammalian cells is a common biological phenomenon.•Endocytosis is the key in dissemination or clearance of bacteriophages.•The first choice pathway for phage internalization is micropinocytosis. Endocytosis is used by eukaryotic cells for ingesting ex...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current opinion in virology 2022-02, Vol.52, p.229-235
Main Authors: Miernikiewicz, Paulina, Dąbrowska, Krystyna
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Bacteriophages
Caveolae - metabolism
Endocytosis
Mammals
Phagocytosis
Pinocytosis
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Summary:[Display omitted] •Phage uptake (endocytosis) by mammalian cells is a common biological phenomenon.•Endocytosis is the key in dissemination or clearance of bacteriophages.•The first choice pathway for phage internalization is micropinocytosis. Endocytosis is used by eukaryotic cells for ingesting external objects. Importantly, endocytosis is a major process that determines phage pharmacokinetics in vivo. Either dissemination of phages throughout the system or phage clearance engages cellular uptake of phage particles. Here we discuss phage uptake by mammalian cells, focusing on mechanisms and pathways involved. Of note, cellular uptake of phage virions was first observed in professional phagocytes, such as macrophages or granulocytes. For this reason, it was historically referred to as ‘phagocytosis’. The modern definition of phagocytosis, however, identifies this process as a type of endocytosis within a larger repertoire of endocytic pathways, such as macropinocytosis, clathrin-mediated endocytosis, and caveolar endocytosis, which have all been included in the scope of this review.
ISSN:1879-6257
1879-6265
DOI:10.1016/j.coviro.2021.12.009