Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: What We Learned in the Last Two Decades and the Future Perspectives

The advancement in surgical techniques, optimization of systemic chemoradiotherapy, and development of refined diagnostic and imaging modalities have brought a phenomenal shift in the treatment of the locally advanced rectal cancer. Although each therapeutic option has shown substantial progress in...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of gastrointestinal cancer 2023-03, Vol.54 (1), p.188-203
Main Authors: Srivastava, Vivek, Goswami, Aakansha Giri, Basu, Somprakas, Shukla, Vijay Kumar
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cancer Research
Chemoradiotherapy - methods
Gastroenterology
Humans
Internal Medicine
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Neoadjuvant Therapy - methods
Neoplasm Staging
Oncology
Quality of Life
Radiotherapy
Rectal Neoplasms - drug therapy
Rectal Neoplasms - therapy
Rectum - pathology
Review Article
Treatment Outcome
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Summary:The advancement in surgical techniques, optimization of systemic chemoradiotherapy, and development of refined diagnostic and imaging modalities have brought a phenomenal shift in the treatment of the locally advanced rectal cancer. Although each therapeutic option has shown substantial progress in their field, it is finding their ideal amalgamation which has baffled the clinician and researchers alike. In the effort to identifying the perfect salutary treatment plan, we have even shifted our attention from the trimodal approach to non-operative “watchful waiting” to more recent individualized care. In this article, we acknowledge the scientific progress in the management of locally advanced rectal cancer and compare the opportunities as well as the obstacles while implementing them clinically. We also explore the current challenges and controversies surrounding the multidisciplinary approach and highlight the new trends and recent advances with an ultimate goal to improve the patients’ quality of life.
ISSN:1941-6628
1941-6636
DOI:10.1007/s12029-021-00794-9