Does the Internal Carotid Artery Attenuate Blood‐Flow Pulsatility in Small Vessel Disease? A 7 T 4D‐Flow MRI Study

Background Increased cerebral blood‐flow pulsatility is associated with cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD). Reduced pulsatility attenuation over the internal carotid artery (ICA) could be a contributing factor to the development of cSVD and could be associated with intracranial ICA calcification (...

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Published in:Journal of magnetic resonance imaging 2022-08, Vol.56 (2), p.527-535
Main Authors: Tuijl, Rick J., Ruigrok, Ynte M., Geurts, Lennart J., Schaaf, Irene C., Biessels, Geert Jan, Rinkel, Gabriël J. E., Velthuis, Birgitta K., Zwanenburg, Jaco J. M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
4D PC‐MRI
Attenuation
Blood
Blood vessels
Calcification
Calcification (ectopic)
Carotid arteries
Carotid artery
cerebral small vessel disease
Computed tomography
Field strength
flow imaging
Flow velocity
Hemorrhage
Magnetic resonance imaging
Neuroimaging
Patients
pulsatility
Statistical analysis
Statistical tests
ultra‐high field MRI
Vascular diseases
Velocity
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Summary:Background Increased cerebral blood‐flow pulsatility is associated with cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD). Reduced pulsatility attenuation over the internal carotid artery (ICA) could be a contributing factor to the development of cSVD and could be associated with intracranial ICA calcification (iICAC). Purpose To compare pulsatility, pulsatility attenuation, and distensibility along the ICA between patients with cSVD and controls and to assess the association between iICAC and pulsatility and distensibility. Study Type Retrospective, explorative cross‐sectional study. Subjects A total of 17 patients with cSVD, manifested as lacunar infarcts or deep intracerebral hemorrhage, and 17 age‐ and sex‐matched controls. Field Strength/Sequence Three‐dimensional (3D) T1‐weighted gradient echo imaging and 4D phase‐contrast (PC) MRI with a 3D time‐resolved velocity encoded gradient echo sequence at 7 T. Assessment Blood‐flow velocity pulsatility index (vPI) and arterial distensibility were calculated for seven ICA segments (C1–C7). iICAC presence and volume were determined from available brain CT scans (acquired as part of standard clinical care) in patients with cSVD. Statistical Tests Independent t‐tests and linear mixed models. The threshold for statistically significance was P 
ISSN:1053-1807
1522-2586
DOI:10.1002/jmri.28062