Alterations in hematological parameters and the structure of peripheral erythrocytes in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to profenofos

• Published in: Environmental science and pollution research international 2022-04, Vol.29 (19), p.29049-29061
• Main Authors: Al-Emran, Md, Hasan, Neaz A., Khan, Md Polash, Islam, S. M. Majharul, Bashar, Abul, Zulfahmi, Ilham, Shahjahan, Md, Sumon, Kizar Ahmed
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Abnormalities; Agrochemicals; Animals; Aquatic ecosystems; Aquatic environment; Aquatic Pollution; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; Biomarkers; Blood; Cell size; Cichlids; Degeneration; Earth and Environmental Science; Ecosystem; Ecotoxicology; Environment; Environmental Chemistry; Environmental Health; Environmental science; Erythrocytes; Exposure; Hemoglobin; Insecticides; Intensive farming; Leukocytes; Nontarget organisms; Oreochromis niloticus; Organothiophosphates; Pesticides; Pesticides - metabolism; Ponds; Pycnosis; Research Article; Tilapia; Waste Water Technology; Water Management; Water Pollution Control
• ISSN: 0944-1344; 1614-7499
• DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17972-8

The burden of pesticide use from agricultural intensification lies in the fact that pesticides may end up in aquatic ecosystems and have pernicious effects on non-target organisms, including fish. Different blood biomarkers, including hemato-biochemical indices, erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (ENA), and erythrocytic cellular abnormalities (ECA), were observed in Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) after exposure to varying sub-lethal concentrations (0%, 5%, 10%, 20%, and 40% of 96-h LC50) of profenofos at different time intervals (7, 14, 21, and 28 days). The results revealed that glucose and white blood cell (WBC) levels significantly increased, while hemoglobin, red blood cell (RBC), and packed cell volume (PCV) significantly decreased in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Aberrant erythrocytic morphology-derived ENA, such as nuclear degeneration, micronuclear formation, binuclear development, nuclear budding, and karyopyknosis, significantly increased with time in profenofos-exposed groups compared to controls. Between the treatment and control groups, a significant execution was discerned for teardrop and fusion type ECA. For other cellular aberrations of erythrocytes, including elongated, twin, and spindle, a significant difference appeared only at the beginning of the experiment (day 7). This study concludes that the presence of widely used profenofos in aquatic systems has a pernicious effect on Nile tilapia.