Macrolides from rare actinomycetes: Structures and bioactivities

•This review describes the numerous biological activities of macrolides derived from rare actinomycetes•The review is divided according to the different classes of macrolides•Enhanced biological activities with respect to the influential groups in their chemical structures is described•Marine rare a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of antimicrobial agents 2022-02, Vol.59 (2), p.106523-106523, Article 106523
Main Authors: Al-Fadhli, Ammar A., Threadgill, Michael D., Mohammed, Faez, Sibley, Paul, Al-Ariqi, Wadie, Parveen, Ifat
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Actinobacteria - metabolism
Actinomyces - metabolism
Anti-Bacterial Agents - metabolism
Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antimicrobial
Antifungal Agents - chemistry
Cytotoxic
Macrolide
Macrolides - chemistry
Macrolides - pharmacology
Rare actinomycetes
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Summary:•This review describes the numerous biological activities of macrolides derived from rare actinomycetes•The review is divided according to the different classes of macrolides•Enhanced biological activities with respect to the influential groups in their chemical structures is described•Marine rare actinomycetes are the predominant sources for bioactive macrolides Rare actinomycetes are a source of numerous diverse, biologically active secondary metabolites, including macrolides, which have been shown to display several antibiotic activities. The bioactivities and representative structures of 26 groups of macrolides from rare actinomycetes are presented in this review. The most interesting groups, with a wide range of biological activities, are ammocidins, bafilomycins, neomaclafungins, rosaramicins, spinosyns, and tiacumicins. Most macrolides are from the genus, Micromonospora, with smaller contributions from genera such as Saccharothrix, Amycolatopsis, Nocardiopsis and Catenulispora. These macrolides display unique cytotoxic, antibacterial, antifungal, antimicrobial, insecticidal, anti-trypanosomal, antimalarial, antiprotozoal, antimycobacterial and anti-herpetic activity. Considering their bioactivities and diverse structures, macrolides from rare actinomycetes warrant further investigation for future applications in medicine. This work highlights the bioactivities and structures of important classes of macrolides from rare actinomycetes that are already marketed or could be used in medicine in the future.
ISSN:0924-8579
1872-7913
DOI:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2022.106523