Enzymatic Hydrolysis Lignin-Derived Porous Carbons through Ammonia Activation: Activation Mechanism and Charge Storage Mechanism

The low energy density and low cost performance of electrochemical capacitors (ECs) are the principal factors that limit the wide applications of ECs. In this work, we used enzymatic hydrolysis lignin as the carbon source and an ammonia activation methodology to prepare nitrogen-doped lignin-derived...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:ACS applied materials & interfaces 2022-02, Vol.14 (4), p.5425-5438
Main Authors: Jian, Wenbin, Zhang, Wenli, Wu, Bingchi, Wei, Xueer, Liang, Wanling, Zhang, Xiaoshan, Wen, Fuwang, Zhao, Lei, Yin, Jian, Lu, Ke, Qiu, Xueqing
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ammonia - chemistry
Carbon - chemistry
Electric Capacitance
Electrodes
Energy, Environmental, and Catalysis Applications
Hydroxides - chemistry
Lignin - chemistry
Nitrogen - chemistry
Porosity
Potassium Compounds - chemistry
Sulfates - chemistry
Zinc Sulfate - chemistry
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Summary:The low energy density and low cost performance of electrochemical capacitors (ECs) are the principal factors that limit the wide applications of ECs. In this work, we used enzymatic hydrolysis lignin as the carbon source and an ammonia activation methodology to prepare nitrogen-doped lignin-derived porous carbon (NLPC) electrode materials with high specific surface areas. We elucidated the free radical mechanism of ammonia activation and the relationship between nitrogen doping configurations, doping levels, and preparation temperatures. Furthermore, we assembled NLPC∥NLPC symmetric ECs and NLPC∥Zn asymmetric ECs using aqueous sulfate electrolytes. Compared with the ECs using KOH aqueous electrolyte, the energy densities of NLPC∥NLPC and NLPC∥Zn ECs were significantly improved. The divergence of charge storage characteristics in KOH, Na2SO4, and ZnSO4 electrolytes were compared by analyzing their area surface capacitance. This work provides a strategy for the sustainable preparation of lignin-derived porous carbons toward ECs with high energy densities.
ISSN:1944-8244
1944-8252
DOI:10.1021/acsami.1c22576