Differentiating early clinical features of Panayiotopoulos syndrome from acute encephalopathy

Panayiotopoulos syndrome (PS) is a common benign epilepsy in childhood, characterized by predominantly autonomic symptoms such as emesis, pallor, and seizures, which are often prolonged. In an emergency room (ER), particularly when unconsciousness is prolonged, differentiating PS from acute encephal...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Brain & development (Tokyo. 1979) 2022-06, Vol.44 (6), p.386-390
Main Authors: Kawakami, Saori, Kubota, Masaya, Terashima, Hiroshi, Nagata, Chie, Ishiguro, Akira
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acute encephalopathy
Autonomic seizure
Electroencephalography
Epilepsies, Partial - complications
Humans
Midazolam - therapeutic use
Panayiotopoulos syndrome
Retrospective Studies
Seizures - complications
Seizures - diagnosis
Seizures - drug therapy
Status epilepticus
Status Epilepticus - diagnosis
Status Epilepticus - drug therapy
Status Epilepticus - etiology
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Summary:Panayiotopoulos syndrome (PS) is a common benign epilepsy in childhood, characterized by predominantly autonomic symptoms such as emesis, pallor, and seizures, which are often prolonged. In an emergency room (ER), particularly when unconsciousness is prolonged, differentiating PS from acute encephalopathy is challenging. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the differences in clinical features of patients with PS and acute encephalopathy who visited our ER. We retrospectively reviewed 18 patients who were transferred to our ER because of status epilepticus later diagnosed as PS, and 30 patients with acute encephalopathy, between July 2012 and July 2017. We compared patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and treatment. Most patients (90%) with acute encephalopathy had convulsive seizures of greater than or equal to 15 min, whereas only three patients (17%) with PS had convulsive seizures of greater than or equal to 15 min (P 
ISSN:0387-7604
1872-7131
DOI:10.1016/j.braindev.2022.01.006