Development of a Nanoparticle Multiepitope DNA Vaccine against Virulent Infectious Bronchitis Virus Challenge

To develop a safe and effective nanoparticle (NP) multiepitope DNA vaccine for controlling infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) infection, we inserted the multiepitope gene expression box SBNT into a eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1(+) to construct a recombinant plasmid pcDNA/SBNT. The NP multiepi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of immunology (1950) 2022-03, Vol.208 (6), p.1396-1405
Main Authors: Qin, Yifeng, Teng, Qingyuan, Feng, Delan, Pei, Yu, Zhao, Ye, Zhang, Guozhong
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Chickens
Chitosan
Coronavirus Infections - prevention & control
Infectious bronchitis virus - genetics
Nanoparticles
Vaccines, DNA - genetics
Viral Vaccines
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Summary:To develop a safe and effective nanoparticle (NP) multiepitope DNA vaccine for controlling infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) infection, we inserted the multiepitope gene expression box SBNT into a eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1(+) to construct a recombinant plasmid pcDNA/SBNT. The NP multiepitope DNA vaccine pcDNA/SBNT-NPs were prepared using chitosan to encapsulate the recombinant plasmid pcDNA/SBNT, with a high encapsulation efficiency of 94.90 ± 1.35%. These spherical pcDNA/SBNT-NPs were 140.9 ± 73.2 nm in diameter, with a mean ζ potential of +16.8 ± 4.3 mV. Our results showed that the chitosan NPs not only protected the plasmid DNA from DNase degradation but also mediated gene transfection in a slow-release manner. Immunization with pcDNA/SBNT-NPs induced a significant IBV-specific immune response and partially protected chickens against homologous IBV challenge. Therefore, the chitosan NPs could be a useful gene delivery system, and NP multiepitope DNA vaccines may be a potential alternative for use in the development of a novel, safe, and effective IBV vaccine.
ISSN:0022-1767
1550-6606
DOI:10.4049/jimmunol.2100909