Bacillus altitudinis HNH7 and Bacillus velezensis HNH9 promote plant growth through upregulation of growth‐promoting genes in upland cotton

Aims The potential of endophytic Bacillus strains to improve plant growth and yield was evaluated. Methods and results Endophytic Bacillus altitudinis HNH7 and Bacillus velezensis HNH9 were evaluated for their growth‐promoting traits. In an in vitro plate assay, HNH7 and HNH9 exhibited proteolytic,...

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Published in:Journal of applied microbiology 2022-05, Vol.132 (5), p.3812-3824
Main Authors: Hasan, Nadeem, Khan, Irfan Ullah, Farzand, Ayaz, Heng, Zhou, Moosa, Anam, Saleem, Muhammad, Canming, Tang
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bacillus
Bacillus - physiology
Bacillus altitudinis
Bacillus velezensis
Biofertilizers
Biosynthesis
Cotton
Endophytes
Fertilizers
Gene expression
Genes
Genomes
Gossypium hirsutum
growth regulation
indole 3‐acetic acid
Photosynthesis
Plant Development
Plant growth
Proteolysis
siderophore production
Siderophores
Stomata
Stomatal conductance
transcriptional regulation
Up-Regulation
upland cotton
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Summary:Aims The potential of endophytic Bacillus strains to improve plant growth and yield was evaluated. Methods and results Endophytic Bacillus altitudinis HNH7 and Bacillus velezensis HNH9 were evaluated for their growth‐promoting traits. In an in vitro plate assay, HNH7 and HNH9 exhibited proteolytic, amylolytic, lipolytic and cellulolytic activity. HNH7 and HNH9 were able to solubilize iron by producing siderophores but were unable to solubilize insoluble phosphate. PCR confirmed the presence of four growth‐promoting genes viz. pvd, budA, asbA and satA in the genome of HNH7, while HNH9 also possessed the same genes except for budA. In a greenhouse experiment, HNH7 and HNH9 promoted the growth of upland cotton plants by upregulating the expression of growth‐linked genes, EXP6, ARF1, ARF18, IAA9, CKX6 and GID1b. However, the expression of genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis, that is ERF and ERF17 was downregulated after treating the plants with HNH7 and HNH9 compared to the control. Furthermore, cotton plants treated with HNH7 and HNH9 exhibited a significantly higher rate of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance. Conclusion HNH7 and HNH9 showed a promising potential to promote the growth of cotton plants. Significance and impact of study Research on plant growth‐promoting Bacillus strains can lead to the formation of biofertilizers.
ISSN:1364-5072
1365-2672
DOI:10.1111/jam.15511