Effects of heat shock on energy metabolism and antioxidant defence in a tropical fish species Psalidodon bifasciatus

• Published in: Journal of fish biology 2022-05, Vol.100 (5), p.1245-1263
• Main Authors: Resende, Anna Carolina, Mauro Carneiro Pereira, Diego, Cristina Schleger, Ieda, Dmengeon Pedreiro de Souza, Maria Rosa, Alvez Neundorf, Ananda Karla, Romão, Silvia, Herrerias, Tatiana, Donatti, Lucélia
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - metabolism; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Aquaculture; Biological stress; Biomarkers; Carbohydrate metabolism; Carbohydrates; Characidae - metabolism; Citrate synthase; Climate change; Decision making; Dehydrogenase; Dehydrogenases; Ecosystem; Energy Metabolism; Fish; Fish culture; Freshwater; Freshwater fish; Gills; Gills - metabolism; Global warming; Glutathione; Glutathione - metabolism; Glutathione - pharmacology; Glutathione Peroxidase - metabolism; Glutathione Peroxidase - pharmacology; Glutathione reductase; Glycolysis; Heat shock; Heat stress; Heat tolerance; Heat-Shock Response; Hexokinase; Homeostasis; Inland water environment; Kidneys; Lipid Peroxidation; Lipids; Liver; Liver - metabolism; Malate dehydrogenase; Marine fishes; Metabolism; Oxidative Stress; Pentose; Peroxidation; Phosphates; Phosphofructokinase; protein metabolism; Protein turnover; Psalidodon; Reductases; Strategic management; Subsidies; Superoxide dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase - metabolism; Superoxide Dismutase - pharmacology; Tissue; Tissues; Tropical climate; Tropical fish; Tropical fishes
• ISSN: 0022-1112; 1095-8649
• DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15036

Predictions about global warming have raised interest in assessing whether ectothermic organisms will be able to adapt to these changes. Understanding the physiological mechanisms and metabolic adjustment capacity of fish subjected to heat stress can provide subsidies that may contribute to decision‐making in relation to ecosystems and organisms subjected to global climate change. This study investigated the antioxidant defence system and energy metabolism of carbohydrate and protein responses in the gill, liver and kidney tissues of Psalidodon bifasciatus (Garavello & Sampaio 2010), a Brazilian freshwater fish used in aquaculture and in biological studies, following exposure to heat shock at 31°C for 2, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h. The fish presented signs of stress in all tissues tested, as evidenced by increased lipid peroxidation concentration at 2 h and phosphofructokinase, hexokinase and malate dehydrogenase activity at 48 h in the gills; increased glutathione‐S‐transferase activity at 12 h, citrate synthase activity at 24 h and concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration at 12 and 48 h in the liver; and through increased activity of superoxide dismutase at 48 h, glutathione reductase at 24 h, glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase at 48 h and concentration of GSH at 24 h in the kidney. In the kidneys, changes in the antioxidant system were more prominent, whereas in the gills, there were greater changes in the carbohydrate metabolism. These results indicated the importance of glycolysis and aerobic metabolism in the gills, aerobic metabolism in the liver and pentose‐phosphate pathway in the kidneys during homeostasis. The biomarker response was tissue specific, with the greatest number of biomarkers altered in the gills, followed by those in the kidneys and liver.