Deciphering therapeutic options for neurodegenerative diseases: insights from SIRT1

Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD +)-dependent protein deacetylase that exerts biological effects through nucleoplasmic transfer. Recent studies have highlighted that SIRT1 deacetylates protein substrates to exert its neuroprotective effects, includin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) Germany), 2022-04, Vol.100 (4), p.537-553
Main Authors: Wang, Ruike, Wu, Yingying, Liu, Rundong, Liu, Mengchen, Li, Qiong, Ba, Yue, Huang, Hui
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adenine
Aging
Aging - metabolism
Autophagy
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Growth factors
Homeostasis
Human Genetics
Humans
Inflammation
Internal Medicine
Molecular Medicine
Molecular modelling
NAD
Neurodegeneration
Neurodegenerative diseases
Neurodegenerative Diseases - metabolism
Neurodegenerative Diseases - therapy
Neurogenesis
Neuroprotection
Oxidative stress
Proteins
Review
Signal Transduction
SIRT1 protein
Sirtuin 1 - metabolism
Synaptic plasticity
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Summary:Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD +)-dependent protein deacetylase that exerts biological effects through nucleoplasmic transfer. Recent studies have highlighted that SIRT1 deacetylates protein substrates to exert its neuroprotective effects, including decreased oxidative stress and inflammatory, increases autophagy, increases levels of nerve growth factors (correlated with behavioral changes), and maintains neural integrity (affects neuronal development and function) in aging or neurological disorder. In this review, we highlight the molecular mechanisms underlying the protective role of SIRT1 in modulating neurodegeneration, focusing on protein homeostasis, aging-related signaling pathways, neurogenesis, and synaptic plasticity. Meanwhile, the potential of targeting SIRT1 to block the occurrence and progression of neurodegenerative diseases is also discussed. Taken together, this review provides an up-to-date evaluation of our current understanding of the neuroprotective mechanisms of SIRT1 and also be involved in the potential therapeutic opportunities of AD and related neurodegenerative diseases.
ISSN:0946-2716
1432-1440
DOI:10.1007/s00109-022-02187-2