Vitamin D Levels and Cardiopulmonary Status in Infants With Acute Bronchiolitis

Background To assess association of vitamin D deficiency with cardiac and pulmonary status in infants with acute bronchiolitis. Methods Infants hospitalized with acute bronchiolitis were enrolled and classified as those with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) below or equal and above 20 ng/mL. The p...

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Published in:Indian pediatrics 2022-05, Vol.59 (5), p.384-387
Main Authors: Estalella-Mendoza, Ana, Castellano-Martínez, Ana, Flores-González, Jose Carlos, Estepa-Pedregosa, Lorena, Rodríguez-Campoy, Patricia, Rodríguez-González, Moisés
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Maternal and Child Health
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Pediatric Surgery
Pediatrics
Research Paper
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Summary:Background To assess association of vitamin D deficiency with cardiac and pulmonary status in infants with acute bronchiolitis. Methods Infants hospitalized with acute bronchiolitis were enrolled and classified as those with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) below or equal and above 20 ng/mL. The primary outcomes were cardiopulmonary involvement defined by elevation of NT-ProBNP, alteration of echocardiography parameters and respiratory support requirements. The secondary outcomes were the need for PICU admission and duration of hospitalization. Results 92 (50 males) infants with median (IQR) age of 1 (0.5–3) month were included with median (IQR) serum 25-OHD level 27.4 (11.4–40.3) ng/mL. 43 (47%) patients had serum 25-OHD level below 20 ng/mL with left ventricle dysfunction ( P =0.008), right ventricle dysfunction ( P =0.008) and pulmonary hypertension ( P =0.007) on echocardiography more commonly than those with serum 25-OHD >20 ng/mL. The median (IQR) serum NT-ProBNP levels were higher in those with low 25-OHD levels than normal 25-OHD levels [2232.2 (461.4–4313.3) and 830.4 (312.7–2579.5)], respectively ( P =0.003). Low 25-OHD levels were associated with increased risk for PICU admission (OR 3.9 (95% CI 1.5–10.1); P =0.004), higher rates of non-invasive ventilation ( P =0.048) and mechanical ventilation ( P =0.005) and longer duration of hospitalization ( P =0.015). Conclusion Low serum vitamin D level was associated with clinical severity and impaired cardiac and pulmonary status in infants with acute bronchiolitis.
ISSN:0019-6061
0974-7559
DOI:10.1007/s13312-022-2519-0