Biofilm modulatory response of arginine-fluoride varnish on multi-species biofilm

To examine the biofilm modulatory effect of arginine (Arg)-fluoride (F) varnish on multi-species biofilms. Experimental varnishes were prepared by incorporating L-Arg (1, 2, and 4%) in 5% NaF varnish, which served as the control. Multi-species biofilms comprising Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of dentistry 2022-07, Vol.122, p.104096-104096, Article 104096
Main Authors: Bijle, Mohammed Nadeem, Ashraf, Usman, Abdalla, Mohamed Mahmoud, Neelakantan, Prasanna, Yiu, Cynthia Kar Yung
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acidification
Arginine
Bacteria
Biofilm
Biofilms
Carbohydrates
Composition
Dental caries
Dentistry
Environmental DNA
Ethanol
Fluoride
Fluoride treatments
Fluorides
Gene expression
Hydroxyapatite
Hypotheses
Phenols
Polymerase chain reaction
Polysaccharides
Proteins
Species
Spectrophotometry
Streptococcus infections
Sucrose
Sulfur
Thickness
Varnish
Varnishes
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Summary:To examine the biofilm modulatory effect of arginine (Arg)-fluoride (F) varnish on multi-species biofilms. Experimental varnishes were prepared by incorporating L-Arg (1, 2, and 4%) in 5% NaF varnish, which served as the control. Multi-species biofilms comprising Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis and Streptococcus gordonii were grown on hydroxyapatite (HA) discs and treated with the Arg and F released from the experimental and control groups. The HA discs with treated biofilms were examined for biofilm composition. The biofilm thickness and live/dead counts were investigated using confocal microscopic imaging, while biofilm polysaccharides, proteins, and extracellular DNA (eDNA) were assessed spectrophotometrically. Bacterial composition in biofilms was analysed using viability real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The relative gene expression (RGE) was determined for gtfB, SMU.150, nlmD, arcA, and sagP. Both the 2 and 4% Arg-NaF groups reduced biofilm thickness, with the 4% Arg-NaF group showing a significantly greater proportion of dead bacteria, followed by 1 and 2% Arg-NaF (p 
ISSN:0300-5712
1879-176X
DOI:10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104096