Progress in Stimuli‐Responsive Biomaterials for Treating Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases

Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (CCVDs) describe abnormal vascular system conditions affecting the brain and heart. Among these, ischemic heart disease and ischemic stroke are the leading causes of death worldwide, resulting in 16% and 11% of deaths globally. Although several therapeutic...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) Germany), 2022-09, Vol.18 (36), p.e2200291-n/a
Main Authors: Tapeinos, Christos, Gao, Han, Bauleth‐Ramos, Tomás, Santos, Hélder A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomedical materials
Heart diseases
ischemic stroke
myocardial infarction
Nanotechnology
smart nanoparticles
Stimuli
stimuli‐responsive hydrogels
tissue engineering
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Summary:Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (CCVDs) describe abnormal vascular system conditions affecting the brain and heart. Among these, ischemic heart disease and ischemic stroke are the leading causes of death worldwide, resulting in 16% and 11% of deaths globally. Although several therapeutic approaches are presented over the years, the continuously increasing mortality rates suggest the need for more advanced strategies for their treatment. One of these strategies lies in the use of stimuli‐responsive biomaterials. These “smart” biomaterials can specifically target the diseased tissue, and after “reading” the altered environmental cues, they can respond by altering their physicochemical properties and/or their morphology. In this review, the progress in the field of stimuli‐responsive biomaterials for CCVDs in the last five years, aiming at highlighting their potential as early‐stage therapeutics in the preclinical scenery, is described. Stimuli‐responsive biomaterials are robustly used for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. This review thoroughly discusses the recent advances (last 5 years) in the preclinical and clinical stage of these smart materials offering a view of their strengths and weaknesses and a glimpse of their future perspective.
ISSN:1613-6810
1613-6829
DOI:10.1002/smll.202200291