Metastasis prevention: targeting causes and roots

The spread of tumor cells from the primary focus, metastasis, is the main cause of cancer mortality. Therefore, anticancer therapy should be focused on the prevention of metastatic disease. Key targets can be conditions in the primary tumor that are favorable for the appearance of metastatic cells a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical & experimental metastasis 2022-08, Vol.39 (4), p.505-519
Main Authors: Schegoleva, A. A., Khozyainova, A. A., Gerashchenko, T. S., Zhuikova, L. D., Denisov, Evgeny V.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angiogenesis
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Breast cancer
Cancer Research
Cancer therapies
Chemotherapy
Disease prevention
Drug development
Extracellular matrix
Growth factors
Hematology
Hypoxia
Laboratories
Medical research
Mesenchyme
Metabolism
Metastases
Metastasis
Metastatic seeding
Mortality
Oncology
Radiation therapy
Review
Roots
Surgery
Surgical Oncology
Tumor cells
Tumor microenvironment
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Tumors
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Summary:The spread of tumor cells from the primary focus, metastasis, is the main cause of cancer mortality. Therefore, anticancer therapy should be focused on the prevention of metastatic disease. Key targets can be conditions in the primary tumor that are favorable for the appearance of metastatic cells and the first steps of the metastatic cascade. Here, we discuss different approaches for targeting metastasis causes (hypoxia, metabolism changes, and tumor microenvironment) and roots (angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, migration, and invasion). Also, we emphasize the challenges of the existing approaches for metastasis prevention and suggest opportunities to overcome them. In conclusion, we highlight the importance of clinical evaluation of the agents showing antimetastatic effects in vivo , especially in patients with early-stage cancers, the identification of metastatic seeds, and the development of therapeutics for their eradication.
ISSN:0262-0898
1573-7276
DOI:10.1007/s10585-022-10162-x