Cutting the umbilical cord: Cancer stem cell-targeted therapeutics

Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) are a notoriously quiescent subpopulation of cells within heterogeneous tumors exhibiting self-renewal, differentiation and drug-resistant capabilities leading to tumor relapse. Heterogeneous cell populations in tumor microenvironment develop an elaborate network of signalli...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Life sciences (1973) 2022-06, Vol.299, p.120502-120502, Article 120502
Main Authors: Banik, Ankit, Sharma, Rishika, Chauhan, Akansha, Singh, Sandhya
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomarkers
Cancer
Cancer microenvironment
Cancer stem cell
Cell differentiation
Cell self-renewal
Drug resistance
Humans
Immunosurveillance
Metabolism
Metastases
Metastasis
Neoplasms - drug therapy
Neoplasms - metabolism
Neoplastic Stem Cells - metabolism
Recurrence
Signaling
Signalling
Stem cells
Therapeutics
Tumor Microenvironment
Tumors
Umbilical cord
Umbilical Cord - pathology
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Summary:Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) are a notoriously quiescent subpopulation of cells within heterogeneous tumors exhibiting self-renewal, differentiation and drug-resistant capabilities leading to tumor relapse. Heterogeneous cell populations in tumor microenvironment develop an elaborate network of signalling and factors supporting the CSC population within a niche. Identification of specific biomarkers for CSCs facilitates their isolation. CSCs demonstrate abilities that bypass immune surveillance, exhibit resistance to therapy, and induce cancer recurrence while promoting altered metabolism of the bulk tumor, thereby encouraging metastasis. The fight against cancer is prone to relapse without discussing the issue of CSCs, making it imperative for encapsulation of current studies. In this review, we provide extensive knowledge of recent therapeutics developed that target CSCs via multiple signalling cascades, altered metabolism and the tumor microenvironment. Thorough understanding of the functioning of CSCs, their interaction with different cells in the tumor microenvironment as well as current gaps in knowledge are addressed. We present possible strategies to disrupt the cellular and molecular interplay within the tumor microenvironment and make it less conducive for CSCs, which may aid in their eradication with subsequently better treatment outcomes. In conclusion, we discuss a brief yet functional idea of emerging concepts in CSC biology to develop efficient therapeutics acting on cancer recurrence and metastasis.
ISSN:0024-3205
1879-0631
DOI:10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120502