Second primary malignancy risk in thyroid cancer and matched patients with and without radioiodine therapy analysis from the observational health data sciences and informatics

Purpose Risk of second primary malignancy (SPM) after radioiodine (RAI) therapy has been continuously debated. The aim of this study is to identify the risk of SPM in thyroid cancer (TC) patients with RAI compared with TC patients without RAI from matched cohort. Methods Retrospective propensity-mat...

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Published in:European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging 2022-08, Vol.49 (10), p.3547-3556
Main Authors: Kim, Seok, Bang, Ji-In, Boo, Dachung, Kim, Borham, Choi, In Young, Ko, SooJeong, Yoo, Ie Ryung, Kim, Kwangsoo, Kim, Junmo, Joo, YoungHwan, Ryoo, Hyun Gee, Paeng, Jin Chul, Park, Jung Mi, Jang, Woncheol, Kim, Byungwon, Chung, Yangha, Yang, Dongyoon, Yoo, Sooyoung, Lee, Ho-Young
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cancer
Cardiology
Data science
Imaging
Informatics
Iodine 131
Malignancy
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Nuclear Medicine
Observational studies
Oncology
Original Article
Orthopedics
Patients
Radiology
Risk
Statistical models
Subgroups
Therapy
Thyroid cancer
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Summary:Purpose Risk of second primary malignancy (SPM) after radioiodine (RAI) therapy has been continuously debated. The aim of this study is to identify the risk of SPM in thyroid cancer (TC) patients with RAI compared with TC patients without RAI from matched cohort. Methods Retrospective propensity-matched cohorts were constructed across 4 hospitals in South Korea via the Observational Health Data Science and Informatics (OHDSI), and electrical health records were converted to data of common data model. TC patients who received RAI therapy constituted the target group, whereas TC patients without RAI therapy constituted the comparative group with 1:1 propensity score matching. Hazard ratio (HR) by Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate the risk of SPM, and meta-analysis was performed to pool the HRs. Results Among a total of 24,318 patients, 5,374 patients from each group were analyzed (mean age 48.9 and 49.2, women 79.4% and 79.5% for target and comparative group, respectively). All hazard ratios of SPM in TC patients with RAI therapy were ≤ 1 based on 95% confidence interval(CI) from full or subgroup analyses according to thyroid cancer stage, time-at-risk period, SPM subtype (hematologic or non-hematologic), and initial age (
ISSN:1619-7070
1619-7089
DOI:10.1007/s00259-022-05779-9