Preliminary mechanism in fetal alloimmune thrombocytopenia associated with anti‐HPA 15b antibodies

Objective Fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) is a bleeding disease that can cause fetal hydrops, a rare but life‐threatening condition in which abnormal amounts of fluid accumulate in one or two areas of the fetus's body. A case of FNAIT with fetal hydrops caused by anti‐HPA...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research 2022-07, Vol.48 (7), p.1668-1674
Main Authors: Shao, Yuan, Ye, Xin, Xu, Xiuzhang, Mai, Mingqin, Chen, Dawei, Liu, Jing, Luo, Guangping, Wu, Jing, Xia, Wenjie, Fu, Yongshui
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angiogenesis
Antibodies
Antigens
Apoptosis
Edema
Endothelial cells
Fetuses
FNAIT
HPA‐15 antibody
hydrops
Hydrops fetalis
Immobilization
Immunoglobulin G
Monoclonal antibodies
Neonates
Platelets
Thrombin
Thrombocytopenia
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Summary:Objective Fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) is a bleeding disease that can cause fetal hydrops, a rare but life‐threatening condition in which abnormal amounts of fluid accumulate in one or two areas of the fetus's body. A case of FNAIT with fetal hydrops caused by anti‐HPA‐15b antibodies was involved in this study, as we investigated whether or not anti‐HPA‐15b antibodies can induce endothelial angiogenesis and apoptosis. Methods The monoclonal antibody immobilization of platelet antigens assay (MAIPA) was used to identify anti‐HPA‐15b antibodies. The three groups in Tube formation and apoptosis assays were the PBS group, the AB serum IgG group, and the anti‐HPA‐15b serum IgG group, all reacted with HPA‐15bb HUVEC. Results The presence of anti‐HPA‐15b antibodies was found in this case by MAIPA assay. The OD values are 0.33 and 0.21, reacted with HPA‐15bb and HPA‐15ab platelets, respectively (cutoff OD value = 0.2). Quantitative analysis revealed that the length of capillary‐like tube induced by anti‐HPA‐15b antibodies was significantly decreased over that of AB serum IgG (*p = 0.0005), but weaker than when incubated with thrombin (**p = 0.0009). The apoptosis results show a significantly increased number of apoptotic endothelial cells in the anti‐HPA‐15b antibody IgG group when compared with the PBS and AB serum IgG groups (*p 
ISSN:1341-8076
1447-0756
DOI:10.1111/jog.15257