Association between maternal exposure to PM10 and risk of anorectal atresia/stenosis in offspring: a population-based case-control study in Liaoning Province, China

• Published in: Environmental science and pollution research international 2022-03, Vol.29 (15), p.21328-21338
• Main Authors: Zhang, Tie-Ning, Wu, Qi-Jun, Huang, Yan-Hong, Li, Jing, Chen, Zong-Jiao, Li, Li-Li, Chen, Yan-Ling, Liu, Shu, Jiang, Cheng-Zhi, Zhao, Yu-Hong
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: abnormal development; Anorectal; Aquatic Pollution; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; case-control studies; child health; China; conception; Confidence intervals; Earth and Environmental Science; Ecotoxicology; Environment; Environmental Chemistry; Environmental Health; Environmental protection; Environmental science; Exposure; females; males; Maternal & child health; maternal exposure; Offspring; Particulate matter; Population studies; Population-based studies; pregnancy; progeny; regression analysis; Regression models; Research Article; Risk; Statistical analysis; Stenosis; Waste Water Technology; Water Management; Water Pollution Control
• ISSN: 0944-1344; 1614-7499
• DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16573-9

The potential association between maternal exposure to PM 10 ranging from 3 months prior to conception to the end of the early trimester and the risk of anorectal atresia/stenosis in offspring has not been established. Thus, we determined the association between maternal exposure to PM 10 and risk of anorectal atresia/stenosis in offspring in this study. We recruited 713 patients including 480 male and 233 female with anorectal atresia/stenosis and 7950 randomly selected healthy offspring from the Maternal and Child Health Certificate Registry of Liaoning Province and delivered between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2015. Monthly PM 10 concentrations were retrieved from the Environment Protection Bureau of each city in Liaoning Province. We established a multivariable logistic regression model to calculate the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Maternal exposure to PM 10 was associated with an increased risk for anorectal atresia/stenosis in offspring during the 3 months prior to conception (per 10 μg/m 3 increment: OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.03–1.20; per SD [27 μg/m 3 ] increment: OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.09–1.63) and the first trimester (per 10 μg/m 3 increment: OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.00–1.17; per SD [28 μg/m 3 ] increment: OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.01–1.57). Evaluation of the association with a shorter exposure window (1 month) revealed a positive association between anorectal atresia/stenosis and PM 10 from the 3rd month prior to pregnancy to each month of the 1st trimester. Maternal exposure to PM 10 3 months prior to conception and during the 1st trimester was associated with an increased risk of anorectal atresia/stenosis in the offspring. Future perspective cohort studies are needed to confirm our findings.