Lactobacillus paracasei from koumiss ameliorates diarrhea in mice via tight junctions modulation

• Published in: Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) Los Angeles County, Calif.), 2022-06, Vol.98, p.111584-111584, Article 111584
• Main Authors: Ren, Shunan, Chen, Aorigele, Tian, Yanping, Bai, Zhaoxing, Wang, Chunjie
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acid resistance; Animal research; Anti-inflammatory agents; Antibiotics; Bacteria; Bowel disease; Chains; Diamines; Diarrhea; Drug resistance; E coli; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Escherichia coli; Gastric juice; Goblet cells; Immunohistochemistry; Infections; Intestine; Kinases; Koumiss; Lactic acid; Lactic acid bacteria; Lactobacilli; Lactobacillus paracasei; Lymphocytes B; Metabolites; Microorganisms; Milk; MLCK; Mucin; Mucins; Mucus; Myosin; Myosin-light-chain kinase; Nervous system; NF-κB; Oxidase; Permeability; Plasma levels; Probiotic; Probiotics; Proteins; Salts; Signal transduction; Sodium bicarbonate; Tight junction protein; Tight junctions; Yeasts; Zonula occludens-1 protein
• ISSN: 0899-9007; 1873-1244
• DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111584

•Lactobacillus paracasei from koumiss showed good probiotic properties, such as acid, bile salt, artificial gastric fluid, and artificial intestinal fluid tolerance•Lactobacillus paracasei can alleviate the increase in intestinal permeability caused by Escherichia coli O8•Lactobacillus paracasei restores the expression of mucin 2, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming and tight junction protein in mouse models of diarrhea•Lactobacillus paracasei prevents the destruction of tight junction structures by Escherichia coli O8 via the inhibition of the nuclear factor kappa B cells–myosin light-chain kinase signaling pathway Probiotics are gaining interest as alternative options for antibiotic or antiinflammatory drugs. Probiotics can affect the health of the host through metabolites and competitive inhibition adhesion of pathogenic microorganisms. Koumiss is an important part of the diet of Asian nomads, and is rich in a broad array of probiotics that can benefit the body. Mongolians have developed koumiss therapy to assist in the treatment of various diseases. In the present study, we investigate the beneficial effect of Lactobacillus paracasei, a strain isolated from koumiss, on a mouse model of diarrhea induced by Escherichia coli O8 (E. coli O8). Probiotics were isolated from Mongolian koumiss. The resistance of probiotics against acid, bile salts, gastric juice, and intestinal juice was evaluated. The mouse model of diarrhea was established by the intragastric administration of E. coli O8 after NaHCO3 treatment. L. paracasei was intragastrically administered before or after E. coli O8 exposure in mice. The plasma levels of diamine oxidase and zounlin were quantified using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the integrity of the intestinal barrier and goblet cells of mice with diarrhea were observed using hematoxylin and eosin and Alcian blue periodic acid-Schiff staining. The expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. A total of five lactic acid bacteria and two yeast strains were isolated from koumiss, and L. paracasei was screened for animal experiments. Experimental results showed that L. paracasei could reduce the increase in diamine oxidase and zonulin caused by E. coli (P < 0.05); increase goblet cells and the expression of TJ proteins ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-1 (P < 0.05); increase the expression of mucin 2, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming (P < 0.05) protein; and reduce the level of inhibitor kappa