The nexus between CO2 emissions, human capital, technology transfer, and renewable energy: evidence from Belt and Road countries

To sustain global warming below 2 °C, carbon dioxide emission mitigation has become an extensive worldwide priority. This paper proposes a comprehensive assessment by evaluating the effects of technology transfer, human capital, and renewable energy on carbon dioxide emissions among seven different...

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Published in:Environmental science and pollution research international 2022-08, Vol.29 (39), p.59816-59834
Main Authors: Khan, Yasir, Hassan, Taimoor, Tufail, Muhammad, Marie, Mohamed, Imran, Muhammad, Xiuqin, Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aquatic Pollution
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide emissions
Climate change
Earth and Environmental Science
Economic development
Economic growth
Economics
Ecotoxicology
Emissions
Energy
Energy consumption
Environment
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental Health
Environmental science
Foreign investment
Global warming
Human capital
Renewable energy
Renewable resources
Research Article
Roads
Technology transfer
Waste Water Technology
Water Management
Water Pollution Control
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Summary:To sustain global warming below 2 °C, carbon dioxide emission mitigation has become an extensive worldwide priority. This paper proposes a comprehensive assessment by evaluating the effects of technology transfer, human capital, and renewable energy on carbon dioxide emissions among seven different regions along with the Belt and Road Initiatives from 2008 to 2018. Based on econometric estimations, it is found that human capital, renewable energy, and technology transfer show a negative but significant association with carbon dioxide emissions, indicating that an increase in human capital, renewable energy, and technology transfer can reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the Belt and Road countries. On the other hand, we found a positive and significant relationship between carbon dioxide emissions, economic growth, and foreign direct investment (FDI), indicating that economic growth and foreign direct investment increase carbon emissions. The findings of this study reveal that the adaptation of technology transfer, renewable energy consumption, and human capital are key factors in the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions in the Belt and Road counties. Our findings provide evidence of the social advantages of investing in advanced human capital, renewable energy, and technology transfer suggesting a promising route for devoting climate change without impeding economic growth.
ISSN:0944-1344
1614-7499
DOI:10.1007/s11356-022-20020-8