Effects of astrocytes and microglia on neuroinflammation after spinal cord injury and related immunomodulatory strategies

•Neuroinflammation is an important component of secondary damage post-SCI.•Microglia, astrocytes and their interactions significantly influence neuroinflammation.•Molecular mechanisms of interaction between microglia and astrocytes.•Increasing the ratio of anti-inflammatory, reparative M2 and A2 phe...

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Published in:International immunopharmacology 2022-07, Vol.108, p.108754-108754, Article 108754
Main Authors: Pang, Qi-Ming, Chen, Si-Yu, Xu, Qi-Jing, Zhang, Meng, Liang, Da-Fei, Fu, Sheng-Ping, Yu, Jiang, Liu, Zu-Lin, Zhang, Qian, Zhang, Tao
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Astrocyte
Immunoregulation
Microglia
Neuroinflammation
Spinal cord injury
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Summary:•Neuroinflammation is an important component of secondary damage post-SCI.•Microglia, astrocytes and their interactions significantly influence neuroinflammation.•Molecular mechanisms of interaction between microglia and astrocytes.•Increasing the ratio of anti-inflammatory, reparative M2 and A2 phenotypes contributes to neurological recovery after SCI. Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a catastrophic event which is still without adequate therapies. Neuroinflammation is the main pathogenesis of secondary damage post-SCI, leading to tissue loss and neurological dysfunction. Previous studies have shown that microglia and astrocytes are the major immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) and play a crucial role in modulating neuroinflammatory responses. In this study, we mainly review the effects of neuroinflammation in SCI, focusing on the contributions of microglia and astrocytes and their cross-talk. Furthermore, we will also discuss therapeutic strategies on how to regulate their immunophenotype to suppress robust inflammation and facilitate injury prognosis.
ISSN:1567-5769
1878-1705
DOI:10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108754