An insight into the potentials of carbon dots for in vitro live-cell imaging: recent progress, challenges, and prospects

Carbon dots (CDs) are a strong alternative to conventional fluorescent probes for cell imaging due to their brightness, photostability, tunable fluorescence emission, low toxicity, inexpensive preparation, and chemical diversity. Improving the targeting efficiency by modulation of the surface functi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Mikrochimica acta (1966) 2022-05, Vol.189 (5), p.190-190, Article 190
Main Authors: Hallaji, Zahra, Bagheri, Zeinab, Oroujlo, Mahdi, Nemati, Mehrnoosh, Tavassoli, Zeinab, Ranjbar, Bijan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analytical Chemistry
Carbon - chemistry
Carbon - toxicity
Carbon dots
Characterization and Evaluation of Materials
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Fluorescence
Fluorescent Dyes - toxicity
Fluorescent indicators
Functional groups
Imaging
Ions
Microengineering
Nanochemistry
Nanotechnology
Organelles
Proteins
Quantum Dots - chemistry
Quantum Dots - toxicity
Review Article
Spectrometry, Fluorescence
Toxicity
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Summary:Carbon dots (CDs) are a strong alternative to conventional fluorescent probes for cell imaging due to their brightness, photostability, tunable fluorescence emission, low toxicity, inexpensive preparation, and chemical diversity. Improving the targeting efficiency by modulation of the surface functional groups and understanding the mechanisms of targeted imaging are the most challenging issues in cell imaging by CDs. Firstly, we briefly discuss important features of fluorescent CDs for live-cell imaging application in this review. Then, the newest modulated CDs for targeted live-cell imaging of whole-cell, cell organelles, pH, ions, small molecules, and proteins are elaborately discussed, and their challenges in these fields are explained. Graphical abstract
ISSN:0026-3672
1436-5073
DOI:10.1007/s00604-022-05259-9