Generation and complete polarimetry of ultrashort circularly polarized extreme-ultraviolet pulses

• Published in: Optics express 2022-04, Vol.30 (9), p.14358-14367
• Main Authors: Svoboda, Vít, Waters, Max D J, Zindel, Daniel, Wörner, Hans Jakob
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 1094-4087; 1094-4087
• DOI: 10.1364/OE.449411

The generation of ultrashort circularly polarized pulses in the extreme-ultraviolet spectral range has recently attracted considerable interest for applications in time-resolved circular-dichroism experiments. Here, we demonstrate a simple approach to generate near-circularly polarized femtosecond pulses in the vacuum-ultraviolet. The ellipticity of the generated light can be continuously tuned from linear to near-circular, as demonstrated by detailed polarimetry measurements. Combining optical polarimetry with photoelectron circular-dichroism (PECD) measurements, we demonstrate a novel approach to characterizing the polarization state of light in terms of all four Stokes parameters. For photon energies of 9.3 eV, we obtained S  = 0.96 ± 0.02 and a degree of polarization of 97±2%, i.e. the highest values reported from any harmonic-generation source so far. This source is directly applicable to circular-dichroism experiments, also enabling time-resolved PECD in the extreme-ultraviolet, a general approach to probing time-dependent chirality during chemical processes on (sub)-femtosecond time scales.