Role of nanostructured materials in hard tissue engineering

• Published in: Advances in colloid and interface science 2022-06, Vol.304, p.102682-102682, Article 102682
• Main Authors: Rial, Ramón, Liu, Zhen, Messina, Paula, Ruso, Juan M.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bioceramics; Bioinks; Bioscaffolds; Calcium phosphate cements; Hard tissue; Hydroxyapatite; Metallic implants; Nanocomposites
• ISSN: 0001-8686; 1873-3727
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102682

The rise in the use of biomaterials in bone regeneration in the last decade has exponentially multiplied the number of publications, methods, and approaches to improve and optimize their functionalities and applications. In particular, biomimetic strategies based on the self-assembly of molecules to design, create and characterize nanostructured materials have played a very relevant role. We address this idea on four different but related points: self-setting bone cements based on calcium phosphate, as stable tissue support and regeneration induction; metallic prosthesis coatings for cell adhesion optimization and prevention of inflammatory response exacerbation; bio-adhesive hybrid materials as multiple drug delivery localized platforms and finally bio-inks. The effect of the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the newest biomedical devices on their bone tissue regenerative capacity are summarized, described, and analyzed in detail. The roles of experimental conditions, characterization methods and synthesis routes are emphasized. Finally, the future opportunities and challenges of nanostructured biomaterials with their advantages and shortcomings are proposed in order to forecast the future directions of this field of research. [Display omitted] •Critical and updated review of the literature focused on hard tissue regeneration.•The review is focused on the most demanded systems in this field.•A special focus has been put on the experimental characterization of the systems, highlighting advantages and limitations.•General conclusions are presented and possible future routes are proposed.