Microwave-assisted catalytic conversion of glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural using "three dimensional" graphene oxide hybrid catalysts

• Published in: RSC advances 2020-03, Vol.1 (2), p.11727-11736
• Main Authors: Hirano, Yui, Beltramini, Jorge N, Mori, Atsushi, Nakamura, Manami, Karim, Mohammad Razaul, Kim, Yang, Nakamura, Masaaki, Hayami, Shinya
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Catalysts; Catalytic converters; Chemical reactions; Chemistry; Cobalt; Conversion; Glucose; Graphene; Hydroxymethylfurfural; Iron oxides; Metal oxides; Nanoparticles; Nickel; Platinum
• ISSN: 2046-2069; 2046-2069
• DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01009j

Hybrids of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and metal/metal oxide (Pt, NiO/Ni(OH) 2 , CoO, Fe 3 O 4 ) nano particle were prepared by reduction of graphene oxide (GO) and metal ion (Pt 2+ , Ni 2+ , Co 2+ , Fe 2+ ) hybrids. The M-rGO hybrids (M = Pt, Ni-, Co and Fe) were justified for the transformation of glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF). High glucose → 5-HMF conversion was yielded depending on the nature of the M-rGO catalyst. The Ni-rGO showed the highest 5-HMF yield. The conversion reaction tuned to the optimized state under a microwave-assisted reaction accomplished by using Ni-rGO. In such case, the conversion rate was 99% with a 5-HMF yield of 75%. In order to improve both the conversion and yield, NiGO-FD was prepared by a freeze-dry method. The NiGO-FD remarkably showed the highest conversion of 99% and 5-HMF yield of 95%. Beside the biomass transformation process, the physico-chemical strategy employed herein for multiplying the catalytic efficiency might be justified for catalyzing similar reactions. High glucose → 5-HMF conversion was yielded with conversion of 99% and yield of 95% by 3D structured NiGO-FD and microwave-assisted reaction.