Can the increase in atmospheric temperature enhance the toxicity and risk of fipronil for collembolans in tropical soils?

• Published in: Environmental science and pollution research international 2022-04, Vol.29 (18), p.27104-27114
• Main Authors: Hennig, Thuanne Braúlio, Lopes Alves, Paulo Roger, Schiehl, Aline, de Araújo, Rafael Soares, da Costa Cabrera, Liziara, Morelato, Rafaela Roberta, Baretta, Dilmar
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: air temperature; ambient temperature; Animals; Aquatic Pollution; Arthropods; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; Atmospheric temperature; Chronic toxicity; Climate change; Earth and Environmental Science; Ecotoxicology; Entisols; Environment; Environmental Chemistry; Environmental Health; Environmental science; Fipronil; Folsomia candida; Global warming; growth retardation; High temperature; Insecticides; Oxisols; Pesticides; Pyrazoles; Reproduction; Reproduction (biology); Research Article; Risk; Room temperature; Soil; Soil Pollutants - analysis; Soil Pollutants - toxicity; Soil temperature; Soil testing; Soil types; Soils; species; Temperature; Toxicity; Toxicity testing; Tropical environments; Tropical soils; Waste Water Technology; Water Management; Water Pollution Control
• ISSN: 0944-1344; 1614-7499
• DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18349-7

We evaluated the toxicity and risk (via toxicity exposure ratio approach — TER) of the insecticide fipronil to collembolan’s growth and reproduction in three tropical soils, under increasing atmospheric temperatures. Chronic toxicity tests were performed with Folsomia candida in tropical artificial soil (TAS), oxisol, and entisol spiked with increasing concentrations of fipronil, at three room temperature scenarios: a standard (20 ± 2 °C), a tropical condition (25 ± 2 °C) and a global warming simulation (27 ± 2 °C). Temperatures influenced the fipronil effects on the species reproduction differently between soil types. In TAS and oxisol the highest toxicities (EC 50 -based) were found at 27 °C (EC 50 TAS = 0.81, 0.70, 0.31 mg kg −1 ; EC 50 OXISOL = 0.52, 0.54, 0.40 mg kg −1 ; at 20, 25, and 27 °C, respectively). In entisol, the toxicity at 27 °C was lower compared to 25 and 20 °C (EC 50 ENTISOL = 0.33, 0.24, 0.12 mg kg −1 , respectively). Fipronil concentrations also increased the proportion of small juveniles (growth reduction) in all tested soils. However, this effect was greater (EC 10 -based) at higher temperatures (25 and/or 27 °C), regardless of the soil type. TER approach revealed a significant risk of fipronil in entisol, regardless of the tested temperature, while in other soils the risk was found significant only at the higher temperatures (25 and 27 °C for TAS, and 27 °C for oxisol). These results indicate that exposures to fipronil at high temperatures (e.g., those resulting from climate change) can threaten F. candida populations, depending on the soil type.