Engineered bacterial membrane vesicles are promising carriers for vaccine design and tumor immunotherapy

• Published in: Advanced drug delivery reviews 2022-07, Vol.186, p.114321-114321, Article 114321
• Main Authors: Long, Qiong, Zheng, Peng, Zheng, Xiao, Li, Weiran, Hua, Liangqun, Yang, Zhongqian, Huang, Weiwei, Ma, Yanbing
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: bacterial membrane vesicle (BMV); Genetic engineering; outer membrane vesicle (OMV); Tumor immunotherapy; Vaccine
• ISSN: 0169-409X; 1872-8294
• DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114321

[Display omitted] •BMV is a suitable immunostimulant and adjuvant.•BMV has multiple generation methods.•BMV can be modified by genetic engineering.•BMV can be used as an anti-infective vaccine.•BMV can regulate the anti-tumor immune response. Bacterial membrane vesicles (BMVs) have emerged as novel and promising platforms for the development of vaccines and immunotherapeutic strategies against infectious and noninfectious diseases. The rich microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) and nanoscale membrane vesicle structure of BMVs make them highly immunogenic. In addition, BMVs can be endowed with more functions via genetic and chemical modifications. This article reviews the immunological characteristics and effects of BMVs, techniques for BMV production and modification, and the applications of BMVs as vaccines or vaccine carriers. In summary, given their versatile characteristics and immunomodulatory properties, BMVs can be used for clinical vaccine or immunotherapy applications.