Roles of TOR signaling in nutrient deprivation and abiotic stress

In living organisms, nutrient, energy, and environmental stimuli sensing and signaling are considered as the most primordial regulatory networks governing growth and development. Target of Rapamycin (TOR) is a diversified Serine/Threonine protein kinase existing in all eukaryotes that regulates dist...

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Published in:Journal of plant physiology 2022-07, Vol.274, p.153716-153716, Article 153716
Main Authors: Haq, Syed Inzimam Ul, Shang, Jun, Xie, Huichun, Qiu, Quan-Sheng
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abiotic stress
Amino acids
Cell division
Deprivation
Energy
Environmental effects
Eukaryotes
Hormones
Kinases
Macronutrients
Nutrient deprivation
Nutrients
Osmotic stress
Phosphorus
Protein kinase
Protein-serine/threonine kinase
Proteins
Rapamycin
Signaling
SnRK1
Stimuli
Sulfur
TOR
TOR protein
Translation
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Summary:In living organisms, nutrient, energy, and environmental stimuli sensing and signaling are considered as the most primordial regulatory networks governing growth and development. Target of Rapamycin (TOR) is a diversified Serine/Threonine protein kinase existing in all eukaryotes that regulates distinct salient growth and developmental signaling pathways. TOR signaling acts as a central hub in plants that allows a variety of nutrients, energy, hormones, and environmental stimuli to be integrated. TOR is activated by several nutrients and promotes energy-consuming processes such as cell division, protein translation, mRNA translation and ribosome biogenesis. We summarized the recent findings on the TOR function in regulating the dynamic networks of nutrients, including sugar, sulfur, nitrogen, carbon, phosphorus, potassium, and amino acids. TOR's role in abiotic stress was discussed, in which TOR orchestrating stress signaling, including heat, cold, salt, and osmotic stress, to regulate transcriptional and metabolic reprogramming, as well as growth and development. The interconnections between TOR and SnRK1 kinase were discussed in controlling nutrient deprivation and abiotic stress.
ISSN:0176-1617
1618-1328
DOI:10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153716