Outcomes and Allograft Survival of Patients Who Underwent a Second Kidney Transplant and Were Followed Up for 10 Years

• Published in: Transplantation proceedings 2022-06, Vol.54 (5), p.1228-1235
• Main Authors: Silva, R.F., Nascimento, E., Lasmar, M.F., Fabreti-Oliveira, R.A.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 0041-1345; 1873-2623
• DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2022.04.006

Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for end-stage kidney disease, and a second transplantation becomes an opportunity for a better chance for long-term survival and quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes and graft survival of patients transplanted a second time in comparison with single kidney transplant patients. This retrospective observational study was conducted using a cohort of kidney transplant patients from 2008 to 2018. Fifty patients who underwent first transplant were randomly selected as group 1 (G1), and 31 patients who received a second kidney transplant as group 2 (G2). Outcomes, graft, and patient survival were assessed. G2 patients had higher proportions of rejection episodes and graft loss than G1. Fifteen (48.39%) patients from G2 maintained functioning grafts during follow-up, while 16 (51.61%) lost their grafts. The 10-year graft survival rate for patients with first transplant was 76.66%; it was 46.09% for retransplanted patients (P = 0.005). There was no statistically significant difference in patient survival between G1 and G2. Allograft survival rates of the first and second transplant with living donors had no statistically significant difference, but for deceased donors, poor graft survival was observed for the second allograft.