Social Disparities among Sudden Death victims with HIV

Although cardiovascular death is a growing source of mortality for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the risk factors and circumstances surrounding sudden death in this population are poorly understood. We compared 399 adult sudden death victims reported by Emergency Medical Ser...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:AIDS and behavior 2022-12, Vol.26 (12), p.3974-3980
Main Authors: Klein, Melissa D., Keen, Susan K., Sanka, Pranavi, Senter, Elizabeth, Lin, Feng-Chang, Jones, Hannah, Vandermolen, Justin L., Simpson, Ross J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alcohol abuse
Body weight
Comorbidity
Death
Death & dying
Disease
Divorce
Drug abuse
Dyslipidemia
Emergency medical services
Emergency services
Health Psychology
Health services
History
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus
Imprisonment
Infectious Diseases
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Mortality
Original Paper
Public Health
Racial differences
Respiratory diseases
Risk analysis
Risk factors
Social interactions
Social isolation
Substance abuse
Victims
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Summary:Although cardiovascular death is a growing source of mortality for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the risk factors and circumstances surrounding sudden death in this population are poorly understood. We compared 399 adult sudden death victims reported by Emergency Medical Services in North Carolina to 1,114 controls. Sudden death was more common among HIV-positive than HIV-negative individuals (OR: 2.59, 95% CI: 1.15–5.83). In a multivariable model of sudden death victims including Black race, BMI, and history of divorce, incarceration, substance abuse, and respiratory disease, HIV-positive individuals were more likely to be Black (adjusted OR [aOR]: 6.04, 95% CI: 1.08–33.7) or divorced (aOR: 4.71, 95% CI: 1.04–21.3), adjusted for all other variables in the model. Compared to controls with HIV, sudden death victims with HIV were more likely to have a history of incarceration, divorce, respiratory disease, alcohol abuse, or dyslipidemia. A qualitative assessment of victims suggested that many died in isolation, suffering from past and current substance abuse and depression. HIV infection appears to be an important risk factor for sudden death, and incarceration history, social isolation, and medical comorbidities contribute to sudden death risk for HIV-positive individuals.
ISSN:1090-7165
1573-3254
DOI:10.1007/s10461-022-03723-4