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Updated interim reference levels for dietary lead to support FDA's Closer to Zero action plan

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) utilizes a blood lead reference value (BLRV) to identify children with elevated blood lead levels (BLLs). At or above the BLRV, the CDC recommends actions be taken to reduce children's BLLs. In 2021, the CDC updated its BLRV to 3.5 μg/dL. To...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology 2022-08, Vol.133, p.105202-105202, Article 105202
Main Authors: Flannery, Brenna M., Middleton, Karlyn B.
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) utilizes a blood lead reference value (BLRV) to identify children with elevated blood lead levels (BLLs). At or above the BLRV, the CDC recommends actions be taken to reduce children's BLLs. In 2021, the CDC updated its BLRV to 3.5 μg/dL. To align with the CDC's updated BLRV, the FDA is updating its interim reference levels (IRLs) for lead from food to 2.2 μg/day for children and 8.8 μg/day for females of childbearing age. The updated FDA IRLs for lead will serve as a benchmark to evaluate whether lead exposure from food is a potential concern. The children's BLL associated with the updated IRL is less than those predicted by other agencies to result in 1 intelligence quotient point loss. Dietary lead exposure estimates for children in the U.S. suggest exposures greater than the mean may exceed the updated FDA IRL for children, indicating a need for additional efforts to reduce lead in foods consumed by young children. The US FDA is addressing this need by implementing its Closer to Zero action plan to reduce babies' and children's dietary exposure to toxic elements (e.g., lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury) over time. •The FDA lowered its IRLs for dietary lead to 2.2 μg/day for children and 8.8 μg/day for females of childbearing age.•The updated IRLs correspond to a blood lead level (BLL) of 0.35 μg/dL.•The BLL that corresponds to the IRLs are associated with
ISSN:0273-2300
1096-0295
DOI:10.1016/j.yrtph.2022.105202