Vitamin D insufficiency, excessive weight gain, and insulin resistance during pregnancy

• Published in: Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases, 2022-09, Vol.32 (9), p.2121-2128
• Main Authors: Rodrigues, Caroline Z., Cardoso, Marly A., Maruyama, Jéssica M., Neves, Paulo A.R., Qi, Lu, Lourenço, Bárbara H.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 25-Hydroxyvitamin D; Gestational weight gain; Insulin resistance; Pregnancy
• ISSN: 0939-4753; 1590-3729
• DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.05.009

Vitamin D insufficiency has been related to metabolic complications during pregnancy, including insulin resistance. There is evidence that excessive weight gain can negatively influence 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations. We aimed to investigate the association of vitamin D insufficiency during pregnancy (25(OH)D3 2.71) were estimated according to excessive GWG. Persistent vitamin D insufficiency was associated with increasing insulin concentrations (p for trend = 0.04); pregnant women with vitamin D insufficiency in the second or third trimester had an odds ratio of 1.83 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 1.03, 3.27) for insulin resistance, with significant modification by GWG (p = 0.038). Among participants without excessive GWG, the predicted probability for insulin resistance was 0.345 (95% CI = 0.224, 0.467) for those with persistent vitamin D insufficiency, and 0.134 (95% CI = 0.046, 0.221) for those who were sufficient in vitamin D. Probabilities for insulin resistance did not vary according to vitamin D status among participants with excessive GWG. Vitamin D insufficiency was associated with insulin resistance in the third trimester of pregnancy, dependent on excessive GWG. •Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with increased insulin resistance.•This association is significantly modified by gestational weight gain (GWG).•Effects of vitamin D status on insulin resistance are apparent with adequate GWG.