Primary mucosal melanoma of the larynx: systematic review of the literature and qualitative synthesis

Purpose Primary mucosal melanoma of the larynx (PLM) is a rare entity among head and neck cancers. Due to its rarity, clear protocols of management are not available. A deeper knowledge of the clinical and biological behaviour of PLM is strongly needed. Methods According to PRISMA process, we search...

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Published in:European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology 2022-12, Vol.279 (12), p.5535-5545
Main Authors: Fernandez, Ignacio Javier, Spagnolo, Federico, Roncadi, Leonardo, Molinari, Giulia, Marchioni, Daniele, Presutti, Livio, Lucidi, Daniela
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Disease-Free Survival
Head and Neck Neoplasms - pathology
Head and Neck Surgery
Humans
Kaplan-Meier Estimate
Larynx - pathology
Larynx - surgery
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Melanoma - surgery
Middle Aged
Neurosurgery
Otorhinolaryngology
Prognosis
Retrospective Studies
Review Article
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Summary:Purpose Primary mucosal melanoma of the larynx (PLM) is a rare entity among head and neck cancers. Due to its rarity, clear protocols of management are not available. A deeper knowledge of the clinical and biological behaviour of PLM is strongly needed. Methods According to PRISMA process, we searched through electronic databases case reports, case series and review articles providing relevant clinical data. The survival analysis was performed with Kaplan–Meier survival curves, using disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) as endpoints. Results 1074 articles were initially screened, of which 37 studies describing 44 PLM cases were selected and included in the analysis. Mean age was 59.7 years with a mean follow-up time of 25.4 months. The most common symptom at presentation was hoarseness (52%), while the most involved laryngeal subsite was supraglottic region (62%). Most patients presented with an advanced stage. Tumour (T) and node (N) status at presentation did not influence OS nor DFS, whereas distant metastases (M) status resulted significantly associated with the reduction of OS and DFS time (Mantel–Cox: p  
ISSN:0937-4477
1434-4726
DOI:10.1007/s00405-022-07565-7