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Oral microbiota associated with gingiva of healthy, gingivitis and periodontitis cases
Oral microbes coexist with each other in a symbiotic relationship or as commensals in healthy body. Teeth and oral cavity harbor diverse community of fungi and bacteria. This study focused on bacterial and fungal component of gingiva, where the last occupy little attention. In addition to study the...
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Published in: | Microbial pathogenesis 2022-10, Vol.171, p.105724-105724, Article 105724 |
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Main Authors: | , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | Oral microbes coexist with each other in a symbiotic relationship or as commensals in healthy body. Teeth and oral cavity harbor diverse community of fungi and bacteria. This study focused on bacterial and fungal component of gingiva, where the last occupy little attention. In addition to study the antimicrobial activity of toothpastes, mouth washes and natural oils against microorganisms. Sixty swabs from outer surfaces of gingiva in healthy persons, as well as patients complaining of gingivitis and periodontitis were collected for fungal and bacterial analyses. Sensitivity of the isolated microorganisms to some pharmaceutical preparations and natural oils was also performed. Ten fungal and 9 bacterial species were identified. There is a highly significant variation in the frequency of Klebsiella pneumonia among healthy, gingivitis and periodontitis. Also, Candida tropicalis and cocci bacteria showed significant diversity among the three tested groups. Among pharmaceutical preparations (toothpastes and mouth washes) and natural oils, Paradontax, Hexitol and clove oil showed the best antimicrobial activity against tested fungal and bacterial strains. Although, minimum inhibition concentrations (MICs) of clove oil were high compared to Paradontax and Hexitol, nevertheless, it is highly recommended as both antifungal and antibacterial agent against oral pathogenic microorganisms, because it is a natural compound and nearly devoid of side effects.
•Fungi and bacteria were isolated from the surface of the gum of healthy, gingivitis and periodontitis cases.•Ten fungal and 9 bacterial species were identified.•Candida and Bacillus were the most common genera with significant abundance in the oral cavity.•There is a highly significant variation in the frequency of occurrence of Klebsiella pneumonia among healthy, gingivitis and periodontitis.•Among pharmaceutical preparations (toothpastes and mouth washes) and natural oils, Paradontax, Hexitol and clove oil showed the best antimicrobial activity against tested fungal and bacterial strains. |
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ISSN: | 0882-4010 1096-1208 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105724 |