MRI of squamous cell carcinoma of the nail apparatus: report of 6 cases

Malignant tumors of the nail apparatus are rare and dominated by squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). Routinely, their pre-therapy imaging is limited to radiography. Our purpose is to determine the MRI characteristics in the locoregional assessment of SCC of the nail apparatus through a series of 6 conse...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Skeletal radiology 2023-03, Vol.52 (3), p.613-622
Main Authors: Ammar, Amine, Salon, Arielle, Moulonguet, Isabelle, Drapé, Jean-Luc
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aged
Biopsy
Bone imaging
Bone matrix
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - diagnostic imaging
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - pathology
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - surgery
Case Report
Dermis
Epidermis
Epithelium
Humans
Imaging
Invasiveness
Localization
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Medical diagnosis
Medical imaging
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Middle Aged
Nail Diseases - diagnostic imaging
Nail Diseases - pathology
Nail Diseases - surgery
Nails - pathology
Nuclear Medicine
Orthopedics
Pathology
Radiography
Radiology
Sex ratio
Skin cancer
Skin Neoplasms - diagnostic imaging
Skin Neoplasms - pathology
Squamous cell carcinoma
Tumors
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Summary:Malignant tumors of the nail apparatus are rare and dominated by squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). Routinely, their pre-therapy imaging is limited to radiography. Our purpose is to determine the MRI characteristics in the locoregional assessment of SCC of the nail apparatus through a series of 6 consecutive cases explored by MRI and operated, carried out over a period of 12 years. IRB approval was obtained. Two in situ and 4 invasive squamous cell carcinomas were found, sex ratio was 0.5, and the age was 55 ± 10 years (mean ± SD). Most tumors showed specific signal behavior different from that of the epidermis and dermis with high signal on T2wi (5/6) and complete or partial enhancement (6/6). The mean thickness was 3.4 mm. The deep margin of the tumor with the dermis was always well defined for Bowen’s disease (2/2) and blurred for invasive SCC. Localization involved the nail bed epithelium in all cases. Changes of the nail plate were detectable. Extension to lateral and posterior folds, hyponychium, cul-de-sac matrix, deep dermis, and bone was determined. MRI could be proposed as preoperative imaging of squamous cell carcinoma for locoregional assessment and guide biopsy.
ISSN:0364-2348
1432-2161
DOI:10.1007/s00256-022-04164-9