One‐year Ocular Safety Observation of Workers and Estimations of Microorganism Inactivation Efficacy in the Room Irradiated with 222‐nm Far Ultraviolet‐C Lamps

• Published in: Photochemistry and photobiology 2023-05, Vol.99 (3), p.967-974
• Main Authors: Sugihara, Kazunobu, Kaidzu, Sachiko, Sasaki, Masahiro, Ichioka, Sho, Takayanagi, Yuji, Shimizu, Hiroshi, Sano, Ichiya, Hara, Katsunori, Tanito, Masaki
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acuity; Adverse events; Cataracts; Cell density; Cornea; Deactivation; Effectiveness; Endothelial cells; Erythema; Excimers; Eye; Eye protection; Fixtures; Humans; Hyperemia; Inactivation; Irradiation; Krypton; Microorganisms; Occupational health; Ophthalmology; Phages; Radiation dosage; Ultraviolet radiation; Ultraviolet Rays - adverse effects; Ultraviolet Therapy; Visual acuity
• ISSN: 0031-8655; 1751-1097
• DOI: 10.1111/php.13710

Two krypton‐chloride germicidal excimer lamp units (Care222 TRT‐104C11‐UI‐U3, USHIO Inc.) were installed in the examination room of an ophthalmology department. The irradiation dose was set not to exceed the former (i.e., before 2022) threshold limit value (TLV) (22 mJ cm−2/8 h) recommended by the ACGIH. Section 1: The eyes and lids of the six ophthalmologists (5 wore glasses for myopic correction) who worked in the room for a mean stay of 6.7 h week−1 were prospectively observed for 12 months. Slitlamp examinations revealed neither acute adverse events such as corneal erosion, conjunctival hyperemia, and lid skin erythema nor chronic adverse events such as pterygium, cataract, or lid tumor. The visual acuity, refractive error, and corneal endothelial cell density remained unchanged during the study. Section 2: The irradiation of samples placed on the table or floor using the same fixtures in the room (5–7.5 mJ cm−2) was associated with >99% inhibition of φX174 phage and >90% inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus. In conclusion, no acute or chronic health effects in human participants was observed in a clinical setting of full‐room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation by 222‐nm lamp units, and high efficacy in deactivation of microorganisms was determined in the same setting. The eyes and lids of the six ophthalmologists who worked in the room with ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) (22 mJ cm−2/8 h) for a mean stay of 6.7 h week−1 were prospectively observed for 12 months. Slitlamp examinations revealed neither acute adverse events such as corneal erosion, conjunctival hyperemia, and lid skin erythema nor chronic adverse events such as pterygium, cataract, or lid tumor. The irradiation of samples placed on the table or floor using the same fixtures in the room (5–7.5 mJ cm−2) was associated with >99% inhibition of φX174 phage and >90% inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus.