Prevalence of adiposity-based chronic disease and its association with anthropometric and clinical indices: a cross-sectional study

• Published in: British journal of nutrition 2023-07, Vol.130 (1), p.93-102
• Main Authors: González-Salazar, Luis E, Serralde-Zúñiga, Aurora E, Flores-López, Adriana, Díaz-Sánchez, Juan P, Medina-Vera, Isabel, Pichardo-Ontiveros, Edgar, Guizar-Heredia, Rocío, Hernández-Gómez, Karla G, Vigil-Martínez, Ana, Arteaga-Sánchez, Liliana, Avila-Nava, Azalia, Vázquez-Manjarrez, Natalia, Torres, Nimbe, Tovar, Armando R, Guevara-Cruz, Martha
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adipose tissue; Anthropometry; Binomial distribution; Blood pressure; Body composition; Body measurements; Cardiovascular disease; Cholesterol; Chronic illnesses; Cross-sectional studies; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Dietary Surveys and Nutritional Epidemiology; Dyslipidemia; Endocrinology; Glucose; Health risks; High density lipoprotein; Hypertension; Insulin resistance; Men; Metabolic disorders; Metabolic syndrome; Musculoskeletal system; Nutrition; Obesity; Overweight; Population studies; Questionnaires; Risk factors; Skeletal muscle; Weight control; Women; Womens health
• ISSN: 0007-1145; 1475-2662
• DOI: 10.1017/S0007114522002963

The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of adiposity-based chronic disease (ABCD) and its association with anthropometric indices in the Mexican population. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 514 adults seen at a clinical research unit. The American Association of Clinical Endocrinology/AACE/ACE criteria were used to diagnose ABCD by first identifying subjects with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and those with BMI of 23–24·9 kg/m2 and waist circumference ≥ 80 cm in women or ≥ 90 cm in men. The presence of metabolic and clinical complications associated with adiposity, such as factors related to metabolic syndrome, prediabetes, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidaemia and arterial hypertension, were subsequently evaluated. Anthropometric indices related to cardiometabolic risk factors were then determined. The results showed the prevalence of ABCD was 87·4 % in total, 91·5 % in men and 86 % in women. The prevalence of ABCD stage 0 was 2·4 %, stage 1 was 33·7 % and stage 2 was 51·3 %. The prevalence of obesity according to BMI was 57·6 %. The waist/hip circumference index (prevalence ratio (PR) = 7·57; 95 % CI 1·52, 37·5) and the conicity index (PR = 3·46; 95 % CI 1·34, 8·93) were better predictors of ABCD, while appendicular skeletal mass % and skeletal muscle mass % decreased the risk of developing ABCD (PR = 0·93; 95 % CI 0·90, 0·96; and PR = 0·95; 95 % CI 0·93, 0·98). In conclusion, the prevalence of ABCD in our study was 87·4 %. This prevalence increased with age. It is important to emphasise that one out of two subjects had severe obesity-related complications (ABCD stage 2).