The gut microbiota regulates acute foreign body reaction and tissue repair after biomaterial implantation

We hypothesized that the host microbiome may influence foreign body responses following biomaterial implantation. To test this, we implanted a variety of clinically relevant biomaterials into germ-free or antibiotic-treated mice. Surprisingly, these mice displayed less fibrous tissue deposition, red...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomaterials 2022-10, Vol.289, p.121807-121807, Article 121807
Main Authors: Chen, Sheng-Lun, Lundy, David J., Ruan, Shu-Chian, Chen, Hung-Chih, Chao, Yu-Kai, Cheng, Yuan-Yuan, Prajnamitra, Ray Putra, Liao, Chun-Chieh, Lin, Chung-Yen, Lai, James J., Hsieh, Patrick C.H.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomaterials
Host response
Inflammation
Microbiome
Wound healing
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Summary:We hypothesized that the host microbiome may influence foreign body responses following biomaterial implantation. To test this, we implanted a variety of clinically relevant biomaterials into germ-free or antibiotic-treated mice. Surprisingly, these mice displayed less fibrous tissue deposition, reduced host cell recruitment to the implant site, and differential expression of angiogenic and inflammatory markers. These observations were reversed upon fecal microbiome reconstitution, confirming a causal role of the host microbiome. In a clinically relevant disease model, microbiome-depleted mice cleared hyaluronic acid and bone marrow mononuclear cells from ischemic hind limb tissues more slowly, resulting in an improved therapeutic response. Findings were confirmed in pigs which showed reduced fibrotic responses to a variety of implanted materials. Lastly, we profiled changes in the host microbiome following material implantation, implicating several key bacteria phyla.
ISSN:0142-9612
1878-5905
DOI:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121807