In vitro, in vivo and in silico evaluation of analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-pyretic activity of salicylate rich fraction from Gaultheria trichophylla Royle (Ericaceae)

• Published in: Journal of ethnopharmacology 2023-01, Vol.301, p.115828-115828, Article 115828
• Main Authors: Alam, Fiaz, Hanif, Muhammad, Rahman, Asad ur, Ali, Sayyad, Jan, Saeed
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Analgesic; Cyclooxygenase; Gaultheria; Inflammation; Lipoxygenase; Molecular docking
• ISSN: 0378-8741; 1872-7573
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115828

Medicinal properties of Gaultheria have been used in traditional medicine to treat pain and inflammation. Hence, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory properties of Gaultheria trichophylla Royle extract and salicylate-rich fraction in vivo, in vitro, and in silico. In vivo analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory of extract and a salicylate-rich fraction (at doses of 100, 200, 300, and 150 mg/kg) were assessed using healthy albino mice employing acetic acid-induced writhing, tail immersion test, carrageenan-induced inflammation, and croton oil-induced edema. For in vitro testing of extracts COX and LOX enzyme inhibition assays were used. Molecular docking studies were conducted for in silico testing of the inhibitory activity of the dominant compound Gaultherin against COX and LOX. G-EXT 200 and 300 and G-SAL 150 mg/kg reduced pyrexia significantly (P  0.01) and was comparable to tramadol. G-EXT 100 200, 300 mg/kg showed 43.8%, 47.94% and 56% respectively. G-SAL 150 mg, rich in salicylates, showed maximum inhibition of 65.75% next to standard drug diclofenac with 76.7% inhibition. G-EXT 100 and 200 mg/kg dose showed significant (p