Callus formation in albino Wistar rats after femur fracture assessed by visible spectroscopy

• Published in: Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2022-12, Vol.634, p.168-174
• Main Authors: Orban, Emese, Pap, Zsuzsanna, Micu, Andreea Maria, Sipos, Remus Sebastian, Fechete, Radu
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Estrogen; Fracture healing; Lipid lowering drugs; Osteoporosis
• ISSN: 0006-291X; 1090-2104
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.09.114

Classical histological methods such as hematoxylin-eosin staining, have been, and in some areas still are, an important benchmark for the evaluation of biological tissues. However, the current method of assessment is primarily a qualitative assessment of the tissue under investigation. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the improvement of classical histological methods, by applying physical techniques that allow objective, quantitative data to be added to qualitative assessments, especially in areas where conflicting results are available. To this end, the effect of hypolipidemic medication on the callus formation process of normal bone and pathological osteoporotic bone was investigated. The study allowed us to associate UV-VIS spectroscopy wave number with specific hematoxylin-eosin staining of different types of bone tissue structures, the evolving structures in the callus formation process. This association allowed the quantitative assessment of the callusing process in ovariectomized (associated with pathological, osteoporotic bone) and non-ovariectomized (associated with normal bone) rats, with three groups - the control group, simvastatin-treated group, and fenofibrate-treated group. The study showed that in the non-ovariectomized groups both treatments delayed callus formation. In the ovariectomized groups, simvastatin delayed and fenofibrate promoted callus formation. •Fracture healing is dependent on the presence or absence of estrogen.•The inflammatory reaction is stronger in the ovariectomized rats.•Hypolipemiant treatment delays callus formation in the non-ovariectomized rats.•Fenofibrate treatment favors the callus formation process in ovariectomized rats.•Visible spectroscopy is a physical method to quantify bone healing.