Effect of Degree of Deacetylation of Chitosan/Chitin on Human Neural Stem Cell Culture

• Published in: Macromolecular bioscience 2023-01, Vol.23 (1), p.e2200389-n/a
• Main Authors: Chang, Fei‐Chien, Zhou, Yang, James, Matthew Michael, Zareie, Hadi M., Ando, Yoshiki, Yang, Jihui, Zhang, Miqin
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Biocompatible Materials - chemistry; Biocompatible Materials - pharmacology; Biomaterials; Biomedical materials; Cell culture; Cell therapy; chemically defined; Chitin; Chitin - chemistry; Chitin - pharmacology; Chitosan; Chitosan - chemistry; Chitosan - pharmacology; Deacetylation; degree of deacetylation; human neural stem cells; Humans; Neural Stem Cells; Spheroids; Stem cells; Substrates; Translocation; xeno‐free
• ISSN: 1616-5187; 1616-5195
• DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200389

Stem cell therapy and research for neural diseases depends on reliable reproduction of neural stem cells. Chitosan‐based materials have been proposed as a substrate for culturing human neural stem cells (hNSCs) in the pursuit of clinically compatible culture conditions that are chemically defined and compliant with good manufacturing practices. The physical and biochemical properties of chitosan and chitin are strongly regulated by the degree of deacetylation (DD). However, the effect of DD on hNSC behavior has not been systematically investigated. In this study, films with DD ranging from 93% to 14% are fabricated with chitosan and chitin. Under xeno‐free conditions, hNSCs proliferate preferentially on films with a higher DD, exhibiting adherent morphology and retaining multipotency. Lowering the DD leads to formation of neural stem cell spheroids due to unsteady adhesion. The neural spheroids present NSC multipotency protein expression reduction and cytoplasmic translocation. This study provides an insight into the influence of the DD on hNSCs behavior and may serve as a guideline for hNSC research using chitosan‐based biomaterials. It demonstrates the capability of controlling hNSC fate by simply tailoring the DD of chitosan. Chitosan/chitin films with a wide range of degree of deacetylation (DD) are constructed and the effect of the DD on neural stem cell culture is investigated. It is demonstrated that chitosan films with high DDs can serve chemically defined, xeno‐free, and cost‐effective substrates supporting culture of human neural stem cells.