Tourette syndrome: clinical features, pathophysiology, and treatment

Tourette syndrome is a chronic neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by motor and phonic tics that can substantially diminish the quality of life of affected individuals. Evaluating and treating Tourette syndrome is complex, in part due to the heterogeneity of symptoms and comorbidities between...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Lancet neurology 2023-02, Vol.22 (2), p.147-158
Main Authors: Johnson, Kara A, Worbe, Yulia, Foote, Kelly D, Butson, Christopher R, Gunduz, Aysegul, Okun, Michael S
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age
Autism
Behavior modification
Brain - pathology
Caregivers
Comorbidity
Deep brain stimulation
Genetic diversity
Genetics
Gilles de la Tourette syndrome
Humans
Males
Medical diagnosis
Mental disorders
Neurodevelopmental disorders
Obsessive compulsive disorder
Pathophysiology
Patients
Quality of Life
Tics - diagnosis
Tourette syndrome
Tourette Syndrome - diagnosis
Tourette Syndrome - genetics
Tourette Syndrome - therapy
Treatment Outcome
Young adults
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Summary:Tourette syndrome is a chronic neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by motor and phonic tics that can substantially diminish the quality of life of affected individuals. Evaluating and treating Tourette syndrome is complex, in part due to the heterogeneity of symptoms and comorbidities between individuals. The underlying pathophysiology of Tourette syndrome is not fully understood, but recent research in the past 5 years has brought new insights into the genetic variations and the alterations in neurophysiology and brain networks contributing to its pathogenesis. Treatment options for Tourette syndrome are expanding with novel pharmacological therapies and increased use of deep brain stimulation for patients with symptoms that are refractory to pharmacological or behavioural treatments. Potential predictors of patient responses to therapies for Tourette syndrome, such as specific networks modulated during deep brain stimulation, can guide clinical decisions. Multicentre data sharing initiatives have enabled several advances in our understanding of the genetics and pathophysiology of Tourette syndrome and will be crucial for future large-scale research and in refining effective treatments.
ISSN:1474-4422
1474-4465
DOI:10.1016/S1474-4422(22)00303-9