Green-based methods to obtain bioactive compounds from Ilex guayusa Loes. using polar solvent

Many biological activities have been reported for the Ilex genus. However, few studies in the literature have reported on guayusa. To address this gap in our knowledge, chemical analysis of guayusa leaves was made. Extracts were obtained by applying Soxhlet, maceration, supercritical CO2 and pressur...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Natural product research 2023-09, Vol.37 (18), p.3103-3108
Main Authors: Cadena-Carrera, Santiago, Tramontin, Deise Parolo, Jacques, Rosângela, Scapin, Enelise, Müller, José Miguel, Hense, Haiko
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antioxidants
Bioactive compounds
Caffeine
Caffeoylquinic acid
Carbon dioxide
Chemical analysis
Ethanol
Food industry
High-performance liquid chromatography
Lipids
Liquid chromatography
Pharmaceutical industry
Phenolic compounds
Phenols
Solvents
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Summary:Many biological activities have been reported for the Ilex genus. However, few studies in the literature have reported on guayusa. To address this gap in our knowledge, chemical analysis of guayusa leaves was made. Extracts were obtained by applying Soxhlet, maceration, supercritical CO2 and pressurised liquid extraction techniques, using water and ethanol as solvent/cosolvent. Extracts were evaluated for their phenolic content and antioxidant capacity. The chemical profile was obtained from HPLC. In raw guayusa leaves were identified caffeine (2.27 ± 0.05%), protein (15.31 ± 0.07%) and lipids (11.81 ± 0.14%). Extracts presented the highest phenolic content (156.56 ± 1.32 mg GAE g−1) and the best antioxidant activity (EC50= 61.85 ± 0.21 µg mL−1) when water was used as solvent/cosolvent. Through HPLC, three main substances were determined and quantified in the extracts: caffeine, theobromine and 5-caffeoylquinic acid. Based on these results, guayusa may be considered a natural source of compounds with potential application in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
ISSN:1478-6419
1478-6427
DOI:10.1080/14786419.2022.2140802