The effects of dietary supplementation of ginseng stem and leaf saponins on the antioxidant capacity, immune response, and disease resistance of crucian carp, Carassius auratus

• Published in: Fish physiology and biochemistry 2024-10, Vol.50 (5), p.1915-1930
• Main Authors: Wang, Ying-da, Meng, Xin, Guan, Yong-chao, Zhao, Ze-lin, Tao, Luo-tao, Gong, Jin-shuo, Liu, Xin-lan, Zhao, Yan, Shan, Xiao-feng
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aeromonas hydrophila; Animal Anatomy; Animal Biochemistry; Animal Feed - analysis; Animal Physiology; Animals; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - metabolism; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Body weight; Carp; Carps - immunology; Cytokines; Cytokines - genetics; Cytokines - metabolism; Diet; Diet - veterinary; Dietary Supplements; Disease resistance; Disease Resistance - drug effects; Enzymatic activity; Enzyme activity; Fish Diseases - immunology; Freshwater & Marine Ecology; Freshwater fishes; Ginseng; Goldfish - immunology; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections - immunology; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections - veterinary; Histology; Immune response; Immune system; Immunity; Immunity, Innate - drug effects; Immunoglobulin M; Innate immunity; Leaves; Life Sciences; Morphology; Panax - chemistry; Plant Leaves - chemistry; Plant Stems - chemistry; Saponins; Saponins - pharmacology; Spleen; Tumor necrosis factor-α; Zoology; γ-Interferon
• ISSN: 0920-1742; 1573-5168; 1573-5168
• DOI: 10.1007/s10695-022-01142-9

This is the first study to explore the positive effects of ginseng stem and leaf saponins (GSLS) on antioxidant capability, immunity, and disease resistance of crucian carp. Seven hundred fifty crucian carps (initial body weight: 25 ± 0.15 g (mean ± SE)) were randomly allocated into five groups with three replicates each; five diets supplemented with the final concentration of 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 g/kg GSLS were fed to crucian carp for 5 weeks. The results demonstrated that, at a concentration of 8 g/kg, the contents of IgM, C4, SOD, GSH-Px, and the activity of AKP in serum of crucian carp gradually increased at 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 days, and the expression of immune-relative cytokine genes (TNF-α, IL-10, IFN-γ) in the liver, spleen, and the intestinal tract also had a significant up-regulation ( P