The effects of smoking on female sexual dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The increased number of female smokers is considered a global health challenge in recent years. One of the detrimental effects of smoking is sexual hormone fluctuation causing female sexual dysfunction (FSD). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effects of smoking leadin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Archives of women's mental health 2022-12, Vol.25 (6), p.1021-1027
Main Authors: Salari, Nader, Hasheminezhad, Razie, Abdolmaleki, Amir, Kiaei, Aliakbar, Shohaimi, Shamarina, Akbari, Hakimeh, Nankali, Anisodowleh, Mohammadi, Masoud
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Data analysis
Demographic aspects
Female
Females
Global Health
Health aspects
Humans
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Mental health
Meta-analysis
Psychiatry
Psychotherapy
Public health
Review Article
Risk factors
Sexual Behavior
Sexual disorders
Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological - epidemiology
Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological - etiology
Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological
Smoking
Smoking - adverse effects
Smoking - epidemiology
Smoking and women
Systematic review
Womens health
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Summary:The increased number of female smokers is considered a global health challenge in recent years. One of the detrimental effects of smoking is sexual hormone fluctuation causing female sexual dysfunction (FSD). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effects of smoking leading to FSD. Electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Science Direct, and Google Scholar) were hired for systematic searching. Until June 2022, whole qualified studies reporting the consequences of smoking on FSD were gathered for data analysis based on the random effects model (CMA software, v.2). Study heterogeneity and publication bias were also assessed using I 2 index and Egger test, respectively. Ten eligible studies with a sample size of 15,334 female smokers (18–79 years) were selected. Following data analysis, the odds ratio representing the effects of smoking on FSD was found 1.48 (95%CI: 1.2–1.83), indicating that female smokers were 48% more susceptible to FSD than non-smokers. Also, the publication bias was reported as non-significant ( p  = 0.178). Since smoking is an increasingly common phenomenon in females and women smokers are 48% more susceptible to the FSD, preparation of necessary health measures by the health policymakers to reduce the number of female smokers and subsequent health services seems necessary.
ISSN:1434-1816
1435-1102
DOI:10.1007/s00737-022-01281-1